Clinical and histopathologic case of an eyelid eccrine poroma, a benign adnexal neoplasm rarely found on the periorbital skin.Here, we report a case of an orbital solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) with multiple local recurrences, even after orbital exenteration, and lung metastases after 41 years. The report discusses the clinical and histopathological findings of this case. A 34-year-old female patient with an orbital SFT was treated with orbital exenteration after local resection failed to prevent a recurrence. Ten years later, the patient underwent radiation therapy, followed by two rounds of gamma knife treatment, leading to remission. Forty-one years after the first treatment, the patient, at the age of 75 years, was found to have lung metastases along with orbital recurrence for the eighth time. The patient underwent radiation therapy but died from radiation pneumonitis. Our case emphasizes the need for long-term follow-up of patients with orbital tumors, even after orbital exenteration, to monitor for metastasis.

Brain metastasis in osteosarcoma (BMO) is rare and its clinical characteristics are often buried among studies on brain metastasis of bone and soft tissue sarcomas. The aim of the present study was to summarize the incidence, clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of patients with BMO.

This retrospective study included 7 patients with BMO who received treatment in our center between 2005 and 2019. The clinical medical records of the 7 patients, together with data of 70 BMO patients published in 33 articles and retrieved by means of PubMed and Medline, were analyzed, retrospectively.

Data analysis of the 97 BMO patients showed a high correlation between the interval from the primary diagnosis to BMO occurrence and the interval from the primary diagnosis to prior metastases. Multivariate analysis showed that chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery were three main factors affecting the overall survival of BMO patients (HR = 0.427; HR = 0.372; HR = 0.296). Surgery combined with chemotherapy or radi and radiotherapy for the treatment of BMO. Our findings emphasize the importance of regular neuroimaging and early aggressive multi-disciplinary interventions including surgical resection, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Descending aortic complex atheromatous plaques can cause claudication, critical lower limb ischaemia (CLI), and are an independent risk factor for systemic embolization. Current practice involves dealing with most cases using endovascular techniques. However, open repair remains superior in terms of the patency rates and may be the only valid option in a subgroup of patients who are unsuitable for endovascular treatments. Most of the current data investigating open procedures are now historic. The aim of this study is to determine whether it is a feasible option in the current day practice.

Ten years data from 2010 to 2020 were collected retrospectively from the hospital records. Clinic letters, radiologic scans, operative records and discharge letters were reviewed. Death records were reviewed to identify patients who survived.

Ten cases were identified. The average age was 55 and the mean BMI was 29.4. The mean hospital stay in days was 12 (range 4 to 22). The mean follow-up period was 147 days (range 30 to 360days). Four of the patients were TASC B, four were TASC C and two were TASC D. Two cases had to return to theatres. One patient had transient post-op AF and another had transient post-op ileus. One patient was readmitted within 30days of discharge for urosepsis. All cases are alive to date except one case which only survived three years after procedure.

AE is a procedure that should be considered in selected cases where endovascular approach is not feasible. There is a trend towards lower mortality than the historic data available in literature. Larger case series or registry data may be required to accurately estimate the current day mortality and morbidity figures.

AE is a procedure that should be considered in selected cases where endovascular approach is not feasible. There is a trend towards lower mortality than the historic data available in literature. Larger case series or registry data may be required to accurately estimate the current day mortality and morbidity figures.Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that threatens the health of the world population. We investigated the effects of oleanolic acid (OA) administration on inflammation status and metabolic profile in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Four experimental groups were established healthy rats not administered OA, healthy rats administered OA, diabetic rats not administered OA, diabetic rats administered OA. OA, 5 mg/kg, was administered by oral gavage for 21 days. Serum samples collected at the end of the experiment and analyzed for toll-like receptor-9, interleukin-18, nuclear factor kappa B, malondialdehyde MDA, glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium. Pancreas tissue was examined for pathology. Induction of DM caused increased serum concentrations of inflammation and oxidative damage markers. DM also caused hyperglycemia-hyperlipidemia and decreased serum concentration of minerals. The islets of Langerhans were degenerated and necrotic. Administration of OA reversed the adverse effects of DM. OA treatment can ameliorate inflammation and oxidative damage due to DM by normalizing hyperglycemia and decreasing TLR-9, IL-18, NF-κB and MDA levels.The purpose of the study was to explore the associations of sub-ethnicity to the survivorship experience of Asian American breast cancer survivors and identify the multiple factors that influenced their survivorship experience. This was a secondary analysis of the data among 94 Asian American breast cancer survivors from a larger ongoing study. Instruments included questions on background characteristics, the perceived isolation scale, the Personal Resource Questionnaire, the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Short Form, and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer. Data were analyzed using hierarchical logistic and multiple regression analyses. After controlling for other factors, being a Japanese American (ref. = being a Chinese American) was significantly associated with pain scores (odds ratio [OR] = -0.32, p  less then  .01), symptom distress scores (β = -0.27, p  less then  .01), and the quality of life scores (β = 0.22, p = .03). Sub-ethnic variations in cultural attitudes, values, and beliefs need to be considered in future research/practice with Asian American breast cancer survivors.Sewage from residents and industries is collected and transported to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with sewer networks. The operation of WWTPs results in emissions of greenhouse gases, such as methane (CH4), mostly due to sludge anaerobic digestion. Amounts of emissions depend on the source of influent, i.e. municipal and industrial wastewater as well as sewer systems (gravity and rising). Wastewater is the fifth-largest source of anthropogenic CH4 emissions in the world and represents 7-9% of total global CH4 emissions into the atmosphere. Global wastewater CH4 emission grew by approximately 20% from 2005 to 2020 and is expected to grow by 8% between 2020 and 2030, which makes wastewater an important CH4 emitter worldwide. This review initially considers the emission of CH4 from WWTPs and sewer networks. In the second part, biotechniques available for biodegradation of low CH4 concentrations ( less then 5% v/v) encountered in WWTPs have been studied. The paper reviews major bioreactor configurations for the treatment of polluted air, i.e. biotrickling filters, bioscrubbers, two-liquid phase bioreactors, biofilters, and hybrid reactor configurations, after which it focuses on CH4 biofiltration systems. Biofiltration represents a simple and efficient approach to bio-oxidize CH4 in waste gases from WWTPs. Major factors influencing a biofilter’s performance along with knowledge gaps in relation to its application for treating gaseous emissions from WWTPs are discussed.Crude oil contamination of land and water leads to their abandonment after heavy oil recovery processes. Analogous to bioremediation, phytoremediation has provided an efficient solution towards land reclamation through enhancement of flora. The present work manifests significance of phytoremediation via reclamation of crude oil contaminated soil collected from Kalol, India. The collected soil was analyzed for pH, oxidation-reduction potential, electrical conductivity (EC), bulk density, particle size, moisture. The experimental work consists three batch units; pot A, pot B and pot C with crude oil contaminated soil, fresh soil and control respectively. While observing plant growth for 120 days, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) was measured at determined intervals for estimation of percentage degradation. After 90 days of pot observation, contaminated soil was inoculated with rhizospheric bacterial inoculum developed from pot A which forms new batch for microbial-remediation as an additional scope to this work. Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS-MS) was carried out for determination of naphthalene contamination. Crude oil degradation in pot A was estimated as 82.16% followed with the affirmation given by degradation kinetics whereas, 60.68% and 36.75% degradation was observed in pot C-control and new batch respectively. Cynodon sp. grown in pot A was confirmed by identification as reported.Listening effort is a valuable and important notion to measure because it is among the primary complaints of people with hearing loss. It is tempting and intuitive to accept speech intelligibility scores as a proxy for listening effort, but this link is likely oversimplified and lacks actionable explanatory power. This study was conducted to explain the mechanisms of listening effort that are not captured by intelligibility scores, using sentence-repetition tasks where specific kinds of mistakes were prospectively planned or analyzed retrospectively. Effort measured as changes in pupil size among 20 listeners with normal hearing and 19 listeners with cochlear implants. Experiment 1 demonstrates that mental correction of misperceived words increases effort even when responses are correct. Experiment 2 shows that for incorrect responses, listening effort is not a function of the proportion of words correct but is rather driven by the types of errors, position of errors within a sentence, and the need to resolve ambiguity, reflecting how easily the listener can make sense of a perception. A simple taxonomy of error types is provided that is both intuitive and consistent with data from these two experiments. The diversity of errors in these experiments implies that speech perception tasks can be designed prospectively to elicit the mistakes that are more closely linked with effort. Although mental corrective action and number of mistakes can scale together in many experiments, it is possible to dissociate them to advance toward a more explanatory (rather than correlational) account of listening effort.