Infection rate and Wolbachia titers were higher in females than in males. ST-533, the only haplotype of Wolbachia supergroup B, was associated with a minimum of three out of the five described mitochondrial haplotypes.Heavy ions refer to charged particles with a mass greater than four (i.e., alpha particles). The heavy ion irradiation used in radiotherapy or that astronauts suffer in space flight missions induces toxicity in normal tissue and leads to short-term and long-term damage in both the structure and function of the brain. However, the underlying molecular alterations caused by heavy ion radiation have yet to be completely elucidated. Herein, untargeted and targeted lipidomic profiling of the whole brain tissue and blood plasma 7 days after the administration of the 15 Gy (260 MeV, low linear energy (LET) = 13.9 KeV/μm) plateau irradiation of disposable 12C6+ heavy ions on the whole heads of rats was explored to study the lipid damage induced by heavy ion radiation in the rat brain using ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) technology. Combined with multivariate variables and univariate data analysis methods, our results indicated that an orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) could clearly distinguish lipid metabolites between the irradiated and control groups. Through the combination of variable weight value (VIP), variation multiple (FC), and differential (p) analyses, the significant differential lipids diacylglycerols (DAGs) were screened out. Further quantitative targeted lipidomic analyses of these DAGs in the rat brain tissue and plasma supported the notion that DAG 471 could be used as a potential biomarker to study brain injury induced by heavy ion irradiation.Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9), a pH-regulating transmembrane protein, is highly expressed in solid tumors, and particularly in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The catalytic mechanisms of CA9 are well defined, but its roles in mediating cell migration/invasion and survival in ccRCC remain to be determined. Here, we confirmed that the mRNA expression of CA9 in ccRCC was significantly higher than that in para-carcinoma tissues from analysis of the datasets in The Cancer Genome Atlas. CA9 knockdown upregulated oxidative phosphorylation-associated proteins and increased mitochondrial biogenesis, resulting in the reversal of the Warburg phenotype and the inhibition of cell growth. Our study revealed that CA9 knockdown upregulated mitochondrial arginase 2 (ARG2), leading to the accumulation of putrescine, which suppressed ccRCC proliferation. Surfaceomics analysis revealed that CA9 knockdown downregulated proteins associated with extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction and cell adhesion, resulting in decreased cell migration. CA9 silencing also downregulated amino acid transporters, leading to reduced cellular amino acids. Collectively, our data show that CA9 knockdown suppresses proliferation via metabolic reprogramming and reduced cell migration, reaffirming that CA9 is a potential therapeutic target for ccRCC treatment.This study investigated people’s attitudes towards noise inside their homes. Online questionnaire surveys were conducted in Seoul, London, and São Paulo. The questionnaire was designed to assess annoyance caused by noise from neighbours and environmental noise (transportation). Information was also collected on situational, personal, and socio-demographic variables. Respondents that were more annoyed by outdoor noise inside their dwelling reported higher neighbour noise annoyance. In Seoul, neighbour noise was found to be more annoying than outdoor noise, and those with higher noise sensitivity reported higher annoyance towards neighbour noise. However, neighbour noise and outdoor noise was found to be equally annoying in London and São Paulo. For neighbour noise, the average percentage of respondents hearing structure-borne sources compared to airborne sources differed in each city. Most neighbour noise sources in São Paulo gave rise to higher annoyance ratings than Seoul and London. Education and income levels had a limited effect on annoyance and coping strategy. Annoyance with indoor noise from neighbours was found to have stronger relationships with cognitive and behavioural coping strategies than outdoor noise annoyance.Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent occurrence following major abdominal surgery and is independently associated with both in-hospital and long-term mortality, as well as with a higher risk of progressing to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular events. Postoperative AKI can account for up to 40% of in-hospital AKI cases. Given the differences in patient characteristics and the pathophysiology of postoperative AKI, it is inappropriate to assume that the management after noncardiac and nonvascular surgery are the same as those after cardiac and vascular surgery. This article provides a comprehensive review on the available evidence on the management of postoperative AKI in the setting of major abdominal surgery.Background. Craniofacial anomalies and minor neurological dysfunction (MNDs) have been identified, in literature, as risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders. They represent physical indicators of embryonic development suggesting a possible contributory role of complications during early, even pre-conceptional, phases of ontogeny in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Limited research has been conducted about the co-occurrence of the two biomarkers in children with ASD. This study investigates the associative patterns of cranio-facial anomalies and MNDs in ASD children, and whether these neurodevelopmental markers correlate with intensity of ASD symptoms and overall functioning. Methods. Caucasian children with ASD (n = 33) were examined. Measures were based on five anthropometric cranio-facial indexes and a standardized and detailed neurological examination according to Touwen. Relationships between anthropometric z-scores, MNDs and participant characteristics (i.e., age, cognitive abilities, severity of autistic symptoms measured using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) checklist) were assessed. Results. With respect to specific MNDs, significant positive correlations were found between Cephalic Index and Sensory deficits (p-value less then 0.001), which did not correlate with CARS score. Importantly, CARS score was positively linked with Intercanthal Index (p-value less then 0.001), and negatively associated with posture and muscle tone (p-value = 0.027) and Facial Index (p-value = 0.004). Conclusion. Our data show a link between a specific facial phenotype and anomalies in motor responses, suggesting early brain dysmaturation involving subcortical structures in cerebro-craniofacial development of autistic children. This research supports the concept of a „social brain functional morphology” in autism spectrum disorders.Differentiation of cells by flow cytometry provides informative somatic cell counts (SCCs) that allow analyzing leukocyte population patterns in udder infections of different etiologies. Postulating that this approach also enhances the statistical power to detect genetic variants linked to cell levels in milk of healthy mammary glands, we used monoclonal antibodies anti-CD18, anti-CD4, anti–CD14, and anti-PMN to count cells presenting these surface antigens, and performed a genome-wide association study of these counts in 125 Israeli Holsteins genotyped using SNP BeadChips. We identified an informative haplotype of 15 SNPs in the centromeric end of BTA3 that was strongly associated with CD18 cells (p less then 2.3 × 10-9). Within this region, examination of the network of genes interacting with ITGB2 (CD18) indicated an Fc-γ-receptor gene cluster, including FCGR2A (CD32). Sanger-sequence analysis of FCGR2s-linked exon 3 variation to CD18 counts. Meta-analysis of RNA-Seq data revealed a significant negative correlation (R = -0.51) between expression of CD32 and CD18 in milk. Assembly of DNA-Seq reads uncovered FCGR copy-number variation and a variant, designated V7, was abundant in dairy cattle, probably reflecting adaptation to selection pressure for low SCC in Holstein milk.Tannery sludge usually has high content of trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) and ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N). It is important to make a critical evaluation of the releasing behaviors of Cr(III) and NH4+-N from tannery sludge before its use on improving soil fertility in agricultural applications. For this purpose, static batch and dynamic leaching experiments with different mathematical models were carried out to simulate the Cr(III) and NH4+-N releasing kinetics from tannery sludge sampled in a typical tannery disposal site in North China, and their influencing factors were also discussed. The results showed that a larger solid-liquid ratio, a higher temperature, and a lower pH value of the leaching solution were beneficial for the release of Cr(III) and NH4+-N from the tannery sludge. The release kinetics of Cr(III) and NH4+-N followed parabolic diffusion and simple Elovich models both in the static and dynamic leaching conditions, indicating that the release was a complex heterogeneous diffusion process. The NH4+-N was easy to be leached out and its released amount reached 3.14 mg/g under the dynamic leaching condition (pH 7), whereas the released amount of the Cr(III) was only 0.27 μg/g from the tannery sludge. There was a positive correlation coefficient between dissolved Fe and Cr(III) in the leachate under different leaching conditions, and the calculated average ratio of Fe/Cr(III) concentration was 3.56, indicating that the small amount of the released Cr(III) came from the dissolution of Cr0.25Fe0.75(OH)3 minerals in tannery sludge.Tomato is considered one of the most important crops worldwide from nutritional and economic standpoints, and, in this respect, sustainable production should be a prime objective, particularly in terms of fertilization and irrigation management. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of two fertilization types (chemical or organic) and two irrigation regimes (67% or 100% of evapotranspiration replenishment) on biometrical, biochemical, and yield parameters of three indeterminate cultivars of tomato grown in a greenhouse. The results showed that the effect of organic fertilization was better compared to chemical fertilization for lycopene accumulation and antioxidant activity, as well as for the lower concentrations of any of the macroelements in the tomato fruits; therefore, organic fertilization can be used as an alternative to chemical fertilization in sustainable horticulture. In each cultivar under the same fertilization type, the effect of irrigation was significant on yield and the number of fruits, but the 100% evapotranspiration restoration did not enhance the fruit concentration of all the macroelements and microelements compared to 67% irrigation regime. Higher concentrations of macro- and microelements in the chemically fertilized fruits compared to the organic ones, regardless of the cultivar and the irrigation regime, suggest that the inorganic substances are more easily absorbed by plants under a protected environment. Organic fertilization positively affected the lycopene and antioxidant activities of tomato fruits, thus proving to be a valuable alternative to chemical fertilization in sustainable agriculture, although the product premium quality also depends on the cultivar used.