821) than for trnL (R2 = 0.620). Using three target taxa commonly encountered in early spring and fall in the Netherlands (Alnus sp., Cupressaceae/Taxaceae and Urticaceae) the nrITS2 results showed that all three taxa were dominated by one or two species (Alnus glutinosa/incana, Taxus baccata and Urtica dioica). Highly allergenic as well as artificial hybrid species were found using nrITS2 that could not be identified using trnL or microscopic investigation (Alnus × spaethii, Cupressus arizonica, Parietaria spp.). Furthermore, perMANOVA analysis indicated spatiotemporal patterns in airborne pollen trends that could be more clearly distinguished for all taxa using nrITS2 rather than trnL. All results indicate that nrITS2 should be the preferred marker of choice for molecular airborne pollen monitoring.Human activities have led to an increase in land use change, with effects on the structure and functioning of ecosystems. The impact of contrasting land uses along river basins on the concentration of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) reaching the coastal zone, and its relationship with the carbonate system of the adjacent coastal ocean, is poorly known. To understand the relationship between land use change, CDOM and its influence on the carbonate system, two watersheds with contrasting land uses in southern Chile were studied. The samples were collected at eight stations between river and adjacent coastal areas, during three sampling campaigns in the austral summer and spring. Chemical and biological samples were analyzed in the laboratory according to standard protocols. Landsat 8 satellite images of the study area were used for identification and supervised classification using remote sensing tools. The Yaldad River basin showed 82% of native forest and the Colu River basin around 38% of grassland (agriculture). Low total alkalinity (AT) and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC), but high CDOM proportions were typically observed in freshwater. A higher CDOM and humic-like compounds concentration was observed along the river-coastal ocean continuum in the Yaldad basin, characterized by a predominance of native forests. In contrast, nutrient concentrations, AT and DIC, were higher in the Colu area. Low CaCO3 saturation state (ΩAr less then 2) and even undersaturation conditions were observed at the coastal ocean at Yaldad. A strong negative correlation between AT, DIC and ΩAr with CDOM/fDOM, suggested the influence of terrestrial material on the seawater carbon chemistry. Our results provide robust evidence that land uses in river basins can influence CDOM/fDOM proportion and its influence on the carbonate chemistry of the adjacent coastal, with potential implications for the shellfish farming activity in this region.

Breast milk is the main source of nutrition for infants but may be responsible for their exposure to environmental chemicals, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals.

To review available evidence on the presence and concentrations of bisphenols, parabens (PBs), and benzophenones (BPs) in human milk and to explore factors related to exposure levels.

A systematic review was carried out using Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, conducting a comprehensive search of peer-reviewed original articles published during the period 2000-2020, including epidemiological and methodological studies. Inclusion criteria were met by 50 studies, which were compiled by calculating weighted detection frequencies and arithmetic mean concentrations of the chemicals. Their risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I checklist.

Among the 50 reviewed studies, concentrations of bisphenols were assessed by 37 (74.0%), PBs by 21 (42.0%), and BPs by 10 (20.0%). Weighted detection frequencies were 63.6% for bisphenol-A posure to these chemicals from human milk.

This systematic review contributes the first overview of the widespread presence and concentrations of bisphenols, PBs, and BPs in human breast milk, revealing geographical and temporal variations. The methodological heterogeneity of published studies underscores the need for well-conducted studies to assess the magnitude of exposure to these chemicals from human milk.Food waste production is increasing rapidly and becoming a global concern. In areas with small production volumes and scattered production sources, the use of biochemical processors can be a beneficial supplement to the centralized treatment method for the in-situ treatment of wastes to effectively improve the efficiency of resource utilization. China is an important case study for this global issue; however, the implementation and outcomes of this process are not clear in China. In this study, field investigation and laboratory analysis were carried out on 14 biochemical processors in four representative regions of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces. The results showed that biochemical processors mostly used high-temperature aerobic fermentation, accounting for more than 80% of the commonly used procedures. The fermentation period was relatively short and ranged from 48 h to 10 days. Only 21.4% of devices were equipped with relatively complete secondary pollution-control units, which introduced the risk of secondary pollution during operation. The fermentation products exhibited common characteristics of acidity, high salt levels, and low maturity, rendering them unsuitable for agricultural use directly prior to an additional secondary fermentation process. Therefore, it is necessary to unify the design standards of biochemical processors and develop acid-resistant thermophilic microbial inoculants to increase fermentation efficiency. Thus, this study has significant implications in regulating food waste and serves as a theoretical and practical reference point to promote its in-situ treatment.Three different Cd(II) compounds were used to regulate Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Alcaligenes faecalis EPS (extracellular polymeric substances). The purpose of this study was to improve the content of EPS protein and the adsorption capacity of Cd(II) by different Cd(II) compounds. The results showed that Cd(NO3)2 had the best stress/induction effect on the two strains. Under the best stress/induction, the protein in EPS of the two strains increased most obviously, and the adsorption capacity of Cd(II) was increased by more than 40%. Under these conditions, the kinetics of the adsorption process of Cd(II) by Cd(NO3)2-EPSA. F (EPS produced by Alcaligenes faecalis under Cd(NO3)2 stress) could be well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model, and the theoretical maximum adsorption amount of 1111.11 mg/g EPS could be obtained. The results of 3D-EEM, FTIR and XPS indicated that proteins, especially CO, CN and NH in proteins, played a major role in the removal of Cd(II) by Cd(NO3)2-EPSA. F. The results of this study show that the addition of Cd(NO3)2 can effectively regulate the content of chemical components, especially the content of protein, and thus greatly improve the removal efficiency of heavy metals, which shows great application prospects in the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution.Carbon trading scheme is an instrument adopted in many countries of the world to reduce CO2 emissions. As an important way of environmental regulation, whether it can reduce the emissions and promote the economic development at the same time needs further investigation. This paper tests whether the Porter Hypothesis is true in China’s carbon emissions trading scheme for energy intensive industries. Using provincial-level, industrial-level and firm-level data, we construct a DEA model that can incorporate the emissions trading behavior among different decision making units to show that the carbon emissions trading scheme can only reduce the CO2 emissions but cannot increase the output significantly. That is, the carbon intensity is decreased. The reason is that the carbon trading scheme is conducive to the improvement of the production efficiency, and firm-level research and development input increases after carbon trading scheme. These findings are robust to several robustness checks. Our paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the carbon emissions trading scheme in reducing emissions. An external technological breakthrough is needed if the win-win situation of reducing CO2 emissions and promoting economic development simultaneously is wanted to be achieved.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) had high prevalence and poor prognosis, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor. The aim of this study is to analyze the role of long intergenic noncoding RNA 01232 (LINC01232) in the prognosis and progression of HCC, and explore the relationship between LINC01232 and HBV infection.

LINC01232 expression and its prognostic value were firstly analyzed using TCGA database. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to evaluate the expression of LINC01232 in HCC patients and cell lines. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to analyze the relationship between LINC01232 expression and HCC overall survival prognosis. Function-loss in vitro experiments were performed to demonstrate the role of LINC01232 in HCC progression. A luciferase reporter assay and Pearson correlation were used to confirm the relationship between LINC01232 and microRNA (miR)-708-5p in HCC.

The expression of LINC01232 was upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines, and high LINC01232 was associated with worse overall survival in HCC. LINC01232 reduction inhibited HCC cells proliferation, migration and invasion. LINC01232 expression was significantly correlated with HBV infection and liver cirrhosis, and showed potential to distinguish HBV-infected HCC patients. miR-708-5p, as a HBV-related miRNA, was a potential target of LINC01232, and was negatively correlated with LINC01232 in HCC.

Our findings found that highly expressed LINC01232 may be a biomarker to indicate survival prognosis in HCC patients, especially in HBV-infected cases. In addition, LINC01232 plays as an oncogene in HCC progression, and its function may exert by sponging miR-708-5p.

Our findings found that highly expressed LINC01232 may be a biomarker to indicate survival prognosis in HCC patients, especially in HBV-infected cases. In addition, LINC01232 plays as an oncogene in HCC progression, and its function may exert by sponging miR-708-5p.

Osteoporosis is a systemic disease affecting half of women over the age of 50years. Considering that almost 90% of peak of bone mass is achieved until the second decade of life, ensuring a maximal bone mineral content acquisition may compensate for age-associated bone loss. Among several other factors, physical activity has been recommended to improve bone mass acquisition. However, it is unknown whether athletes involved with sports with different impact loading characteristics differ in regards to bone mass measurements.

To compare the bone mass content, bone mass density and lean mass of young female soccer players (odd-impact loading exercise), handball players (high-impact loading exercises) and non-athletes.

A total of 115 female handball players (15.5±1.3years, 165.2±5.6cm and 61.9±9.3kg) and 142 soccer players (15.5±1.5years, 163.7±6.6cm and 56.5±7.7kg) were evaluated for body composition using a dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry system, and 136 female non-athletes (data from NHANES) (15.1±1.32years, 163.