The results of this study suggest a need to investigate operator decision-making and organizational controls and to focus on improving design and operation controls such as mine design and operational procedures.

Prospective studies suggest that tea consumption may decrease the risk for cognitive impairment in late life. However, little research has examined the association between tea consumption and cognitive performance across multiple domains. In addition, no research has examined the benefit of tea consumption on cognitive performance among older adults with existing impairment.

The current study examined the association between tea consumption and performance on tasks of global cognitive function, episodic memory and executive function in cognitively healthy (CH) older adults and older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

The analytical sample included 1849 community-dwelling older adults from the Shanghai Brain Aging Study (65.6% female, mean age of 69.50 (8.02) years). Following ascertainment of cognitive function, 816 were categorised as MCI. In addition to completion of a demographics questionnaire, participants reported their tea consumption and completed a battery of tests to measure global cognitive function, episodic memory and working memory.

Independent analyses of covariance revealed a significant association between tea consumption and measures of episodic memory; however, these associations were restricted to CH older adults but not older adults with MCI. Tea consumption was not associated with working memory performance.

The current study suggests that the benefit of tea consumption is restricted to cognitively healthy older adults and does not extend to older adults with MCI.

The current study suggests that the benefit of tea consumption is restricted to cognitively healthy older adults and does not extend to older adults with MCI.

Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is an evidence-based treatment for adolescents targeting suicidal and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviours. Research supports DBT’s efficacy in inpatient settings, but implementation and sustainability are understudied.

This study is a follow-up of a previous study by Tebbett-Mock

and examines the efficacy and sustainability of an adolescent DBT inpatient unit within a psychiatric hospital in the Northeast. We hypothesised that adolescents who received DBT in our follow-up group (DBT Group 2) would not have statistical difference (ie, greater or fewer) of the following compared with the first group of patients who received DBT on the unit the year prior (DBT Group 1) and would have significantly fewer of the following compared with the treatment as usual (TAU) group (1) constant observation hours for suicidal ideation, self-injury and aggression; (2) incidents of suicide attempts, self-injury and aggression; (3) restraints; (4) seclusions; (5) days hospitalised; (6atient DBT compared with TAU and highlight staff turnover and lack of training as potential barriers to sustainability and efficacy.

Results provide support for adolescent inpatient DBT compared with TAU and highlight staff turnover and lack of training as potential barriers to sustainability and efficacy.Adolescence is the peak period for the incidence of anxiety disorders. Recent findings have revealed the immaturity of neural networks underlying emotional regulation in this population. Brain vulnerability to anxiety in adolescence is related to the unsynchronised development of anxiety-relevant brain functional systems. However, our current knowledge on brain deficits in adolescent anxiety is mainly borrowed from studies on adults. Understanding adolescent-specific brain deficits is essential for developing biomarkers and brain-based therapies targeting adolescent anxiety. This article reviews and compares recent neuroimaging literature on anxiety-related brain structural and functional deficits between adolescent and adult populations, and proposes a model highlighting the differences between adolescence and adulthood in anxiety-related brain networks. This model emphasises that in adolescence the emotional control system tends to be hypoactivated, the fear conditioning system is immature, and the reward and stress response systems are hypersensitive. Furthermore, the striatum’s functional links to the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex are strengthened, while the link between the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala is weakened in adolescence. This model helps to explain why adolescents are vulnerable to anxiety disorders and provides insights into potential brain-based approaches to intervene in adolescent anxiety disorders.

This cross-sectional study conducted in Kibera, Kenya, sought to gain insights on relative microbial contamination levels of popular unprocessed food types, determine antimicrobial resistance (AMR) burden and the carriage of integrons that are essential elements for spreading antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG). Foods analysed consisted of cooked vegetables (kale, cabbage, and nightshades), boiled cereal foods (beans, rice, and Githeri, which is a mixture of beans and maize), meat, Omena fish (fried silver cyprinids), and Ugali (a product of simmered maize flour in boiled water).

The analysis detected contamination levels exceeding 2×10

 c.f.u. ml

in 106 (38 %) of the 281 ready-to-eat foods analysed. The majority of food types had microbial contaminations of between 4.0×10

 and 2.3×10

 c.f.u. ml

. Kale was the most contaminated with a mean of 2.3×10

 c.f.u. ml

, while Omena was the least contaminated with 4.0×10

 c.f.u. ml

. Foods sold close to open sewage and refuse sites were more contaminateo significant clusters for analysed E. coli and K. pneumoniae, suggesting recovered isolates were genetically diverse and not due to non-clonal expansion. The findings of this study are an indication that contaminated foods can be a reservoir for enteric pathogens and a source of AMR strains.Bacteriocins have become biological weapons against harmful food pathogens and have attracted interest as tools for biopreservation. The aim of this study was to isolate, identify and characterize lactic acid bacterial (LAB) strains from cheese samples, partially purify potential bacteriocins and characterize their antimicrobial activity against pathogens. Bacteriocin-producing organisms were screened by Agar spot assay test. Initially, 25 LAB isolates were isolated from the cheese samples and identified as Lactobacillius spp., among them five strains were able to produce bacteriocin whose antimicrobial activates were analysed by agar-well-diffusion assay test against pathogenic organisms. Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus thermophillus and Listeria monocytogens were inhibited, while Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were resistant to the antimicrobial substances from LAB isolates. For optimal production of bacteriocin, LAB broth cultures were harvested at exponential phase. The molecular weights of the bacteriocins are between 7.0-15.0 kDa. The bacteriocins were characterized on the basis of their sensitivity to heat, pH, enzymes, NaCl and treatments with organic solvents. These results revealed that the bacteriocins from Lactobacillius spp. isolated from the cheese might have potential antimicrobial properties and give new insight in the development of bio-preservative agents to prevent and control pathogenic bacterial infection.

Percutaneous patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure has been well established in the secondary prevention of cryptogenic stroke with overall low rates of procedural complications. One such complication is PFO closure device thrombus formation which is now rarely reported with newer generation devices.

We present the unusual case of a 59-year-old woman with myelofibrosis who developed late-onset recurrent embolic strokes related to Amplatzer PFO closure device thrombus whilst therapeutically anticoagulated on Warfarin. Surgical management was deemed too high risk and our patient was conservatively managed with enoxaparin. Serial transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated a reduction in thrombus size and the patient had no further neurological events.

Overall, the risk of serious complications following percutaneous PFO closure, such as device-associated thrombus, remains low. The risk of thrombus formation in patients with hypercoagulable states is not well characterized. Despite good evidence for the efficacy in preventing recurrent cryptogenic stroke, the role of PFO closure in addition to anticoagulation is unclear. Given this uncertain benefit of PFO closure in anticoagulated patients and the unclear risk profile, patient selection, and thorough pre-procedural evaluation are vital when assessing the appropriateness of percutaneous PFO closure.

Overall, the risk of serious complications following percutaneous PFO closure, such as device-associated thrombus, remains low. The risk of thrombus formation in patients with hypercoagulable states is not well characterized. Despite good evidence for the efficacy in preventing recurrent cryptogenic stroke, the role of PFO closure in addition to anticoagulation is unclear. Given this uncertain benefit of PFO closure in anticoagulated patients and the unclear risk profile, patient selection, and thorough pre-procedural evaluation are vital when assessing the appropriateness of percutaneous PFO closure.

A papillary fibroelastoma of the aortic valve has been reported as a rare cause of myocardial ischaemia. An advanced combined interventional and surgical approach leading to sufficient therapy for the patient is presented in this case report.

A 56-year-old female patient presented in an emergency room of a hospital with an acute coronary syndrome. Over 1.5 years, recurrent stable angina had been known in the patient and significant coronary artery disease has already been ruled out in a previous coronary angiogram. The patient was immediately transferred to the catheter laboratory due to cardiogenic shock where a drug-eluting stent was implanted to, firstly, recanalize the left main coronary artery (LMCA) and, secondly, to protect the left main ostium from obstruction by an echocardiographic-proven mass. During subsequent deterioration of haemodynamics caused by decreasing left ventricular function and acute severe mitral insufficiency, firstly an intra-aortic balloon pump and secondly a veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was established through the femoral vessels. The patient was transferred to our cardiac surgery unit and was successfully operated utilizing a valve-sparing technique by extracting the tumour mass from the left coronary cusp and extracting the stent carefully from the LMCA. Histology revealed a papillary fibroelastoma.

A papillary fibroelastoma of the aortic valve with intermittent obstruction of the coronary arteries requires surgical therapy. Interventional recanalization and extracorporeal support might be useful strategies to ensure the patient’s safety as a bridge to surgery.

A papillary fibroelastoma of the aortic valve with intermittent obstruction of the coronary arteries requires surgical therapy. Interventional recanalization and extracorporeal support might be useful strategies to ensure the patient’s safety as a bridge to surgery.

Right-sided tricuspid valve (TV) endocarditis can be difficult to identify and may be under-recognized in the absence of traditional risk factors. While generally identified with aortic valve pathology, infective endocarditis that extends beyond the leaflets of the TV have been reported to cause conduction disease.

We present the case of a 63-year-old patient who presented with haemodynamically unstable complete heart block requiring temporary venous pacemaker support. Despite the absence of traditional risk factors or significant valvular disease on transthoracic echocardiogram, she was found to be persistently bacteraemic and subsequent transoesophageal echocardiogram identified large vegetation on the septal leaflet of the TV. Conduction disease was noted to reverse with antibiotic therapy and resolution of bacteraemia.

Although rare, right-sided endocarditis involving the triangle of Koch may present with conduction disease due to local inflammation and mechanical compression. Conduction disease associated with right-sided disease appears to be readily reversible with medical therapy and temporary device support may be appropriate in the acute setting.

Although rare, right-sided endocarditis involving the triangle of Koch may present with conduction disease due to local inflammation and mechanical compression. Conduction disease associated with right-sided disease appears to be readily reversible with medical therapy and temporary device support may be appropriate in the acute setting.

Right heart thrombus (RHTh) complicated by pulmonary embolism (PE) usually presents as a medical emergency with significant haemodynamic instability. However, less is known about subacute presentations.

We present a 74-year-old haemodynamically stable gentleman with a 3-week history of mild pleuritic chest pain and exertional dyspnoea preceded by lower respiratory tract infection. Early trans-thoracic echocardiogram (TTE) revealed a 3 cm elongated tricuspid valve thrombus with right ventricular dysfunction, new-onset atrial fibrillation, and new-onset severe left ventricular impairment. Subsequent computed tomography pulmonary angiogram showed widespread bilateral pulmonary emboli with retrograde opacification of the hepatic veins. The RHTh successfully resolved with warfarin therapy with no further complications, and the patient was discharged on Day 8 of hospitalization.

An early TTE is crucial in detecting the RHTh in patients suspected of PE and can significantly change the management compared with uncomplicated PE. The index of suspicion for PE and RHTh should remain high even in subacute cases.

An early TTE is crucial in detecting the RHTh in patients suspected of PE and can significantly change the management compared with uncomplicated PE. The index of suspicion for PE and RHTh should remain high even in subacute cases.

Scimitar syndrome is a rare congenital disease characterized by partial or total anomalous pulmonary venous return from the right lung into the systemic venous system, and accounts for 0.5-2% of all congenital heart disease. Severe forms of the disease are diagnosed in childhood. However, because of the benign form of the syndrome in adults, many are asymptomatic, or present only mild symptoms including exertional dyspnoea, arrhythmias, and respiratory infections. We report an atypical presentation with hepatomegaly.

A 24-year-old woman was evaluated for abdominal discomfort. Physical examination revealed a remarkable hepatomegaly. Chest X-ray revealed dextroversion, enlargement of the right cavities, and a curvilinear opacity known as 'scimitar sign’. A transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated right ventricular dilation and a venous collector draining into right suprahepatic vein, which was severely dilated, with large hepatomegaly. Scimitar syndrome was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). modalities, such as echocardiography, MRI, or computed tomography. Corrective surgery may relieve the symptoms related to liver congestion at follow-up.

Left main coronary artery (LMCA)-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a rare complication of a floating thrombus in the ascending aorta. However, diagnosing the aetiology of LMCA-ACS during an emergency situation is challenging. We present a rare case of LMCA-ACS caused by a large thrombus in the ascending aorta, confirmed by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).

A 90-year-old woman presented to the emergency department complaining of chest pain and syncope. On admission, her electrocardiogram showed normal sinus rhythm and a complete right bundle branch block with significant ST depression in the V3-V6 leads; hence, ACS was suspected. The first emergency angiogram of the left coronary artery showed filling defect in the proximal ascending aorta. IVUS revealed a large thrombus in the ascending aorta. The thrombus extended from the ascending aorta to the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery. IVUS confirmed that there was no dissection of the coronary artery or the proximal ascending aorta. Based on the IVUS findings, this case was diagnosed as ACS of the LMCA caused by a floating thrombus in the ascending aorta.

This rare case of LMCA-ACS caused by a thrombus in the ascending aorta was confirmed by IVUS, which can be a useful imaging tool for diagnosing morphological abnormalities during emergencies.

This rare case of LMCA-ACS caused by a thrombus in the ascending aorta was confirmed by IVUS, which can be a useful imaging tool for diagnosing morphological abnormalities during emergencies.

, a bacterium found in the oral cavities of healthy cats and dogs, is rarely reported as a cause of infective endocarditis. In this report we describe such a case in a young, male dog owner who presented acutely unwell in heart failure.

A 47-year-old male presented with a subacute onset of fever, night sweats, weight loss, dyspnoea, and peripheral oedema. On clinical examination typical features of infective endocarditis, heart failure, and aortic regurgitation were found. The patient had no conventional risk factors for infective endocarditis but was a dog owner. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed vegetations on the right coronary and non-coronary cusps of the aortic valve causing severe eccentric aortic regurgitation and left ventricular dilatation. Initial blood cultures taken prior to the initiation of antimicrobial therapy showed no growth. The patient underwent aortic valve and root replacement and a 16S ribosomal RNA polymerase chain reaction (16S rRNA PCR) of the resected aortic valve tissue, in cases of culture-negative infective endocarditis.

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a transient left ventricular dysfunction usually with apical akinesia (classical pattern). Other less frequent variants have been described the mid-ventricular pattern is characterized by hypokinesia of the mid-left ventricle and hypercontractile apical and basal segments; the inverted or basal pattern is characterized by basal and mid-ventricular segment hypokinesia or akinesia with preserved contractility or hypercontractility of apical segments and finally the focal pattern. There are also biventricular variants and forms with exclusive involvement of the right ventricle. There is a correlation between endocrine disorders and TTS, the one most frequently described is with pheochromocytoma. Catecholamine-mediated myocarditis, focal and diffuse myocardial fibrosis, and myocardial dysfunction are described in pheochromocytoma.

We describe a case of a 69-year-old patient with a recent diagnosis of hypertension and Graves’ disease, hospitalized for persistent chest pain, hypertenatecholamines in pheochromocytoma can lead to myocardial dysfunction. Similarly, an excess of thyroid hormones with up-regulation of adrenergic system can lead to myocardial dysfunction. These two conditions, if both present, define a high haemodynamic risk profile. How do catecholamines interact with the thyroid gland? The clinical case is of interest as a relationship has been hypothesized between the incretion of plasma catecholamines and Graves’ disease. We suppose an imbalance of the immune system with a predominance of the T helper-type 2 (Th2)-mediated response. Predominance of Th2-mediated immune response may induce humoral immunity causing Graves’ disease. In addition Th2 cytokines are strong inducers of M2 macrophages (alternatively activated) that are involved in autoimmune diseases, myocarditis, and myocardial fibrosis. Knowing the interaction between the cardiovascular system, immune response, and endocrine glands can help define the patient’s risk class, possible complications, and follow-up.

The Australian Aboriginal population has a high burden of cardiac conditions predisposing patients to infective endocarditis. Pseudo-aneurysms are a rare and potentially fatal complication of both prior valvular surgery and endocarditis.

A 31-year-old female with a history of bicuspid aortic valve requiring valve replacement presented with meningoencephalitis. Transoesophageal echo and positive blood cultures for

confirmed prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE). Aortic root mycotic pseudo-aneurysms developed during antimicrobial therapy and two large pseudo-aneurysms remain post-redo valve, root and arch replacement.

Complications associated with PVE are common, especially due to

. Redo cardiac surgery is high risk, percutaneous treatments may be technically difficult due to altered post-operative anatomy, and medication adherence issues and lack of healthcare engagement further compromise optimal care in this patient population.

Complications associated with PVE are common, especially due to S. aureus. Redo cardiac surgery is high risk, percutaneous treatments may be technically difficult due to altered post-operative anatomy, and medication adherence issues and lack of healthcare engagement further compromise optimal care in this patient population.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the management of many cancer types by drastically improving the median survival rate of patients. However, this efficiency comes at the cost of a high rate of immune-related adverse events, including lethal cardiac manifestations. Rapidly fatal cases of ICI-induced myocarditis have been reported and drawn considerable attention over the past years. However, it is essential to bear in mind that not all cardiac events occurring under ICI therapy are necessarily myocarditis.

A 61-year-old female treated with pembrolizumab for a stage IV melanoma was admitted for chest pain leading to the diagnosis of ICI-related myocarditis based on the description of a discrete left ventricular subepicardial late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. ICI were suspended and intravenous methylprednisolone initiated. A second line anti-MEK therapy was initiated. After a month of treatment, similar chest pain occurred. CMR revealed a midrategy.

An aortic sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) often remains undiagnosed until it ruptures. An SVA filled with thrombus can be challenging to diagnose accurately.

A 70-year-old man was admitted with a clinical diagnosis of well-tolerated complete atrioventricular block (AVB). Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a spherical mass (43 × 49 mm) at the interatrial septum. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a well-defined, hollow, and non-enhanced mass suggesting a cardiac tumour. However, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) showed no uptake in the mass. After implantation of a permanent pacemaker, anticoagulant therapy was started for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Two months later, follow-up evaluation by echocardiography and enhanced CT revealed an increase in size of the hollow interior cavity, suggesting thrombolysis by the anticoagulant. We diagnosed a non-coronary SVA filled with thrombus, which masqueraded as a cardiac tumour and may have caused complete AVB.

We describe a rare case of a giant thrombosed SVA masquerading as a cardiac tumour. Initial 18F-FDG PET/CT and serial imaging studies were helpful in distinguishing it from a cardiac tumour.

We describe a rare case of a giant thrombosed SVA masquerading as a cardiac tumour. Initial 18F-FDG PET/CT and serial imaging studies were helpful in distinguishing it from a cardiac tumour.

A cardiac calcified amorphous tumour (CAT) is a non-neoplastic intracavitary cardiac mass. The most serious complication is systemic embolism. Cardiac CATs tend to be surgically resected immediately after detection; therefore, its progress of growth is rarely reported.

An 83-year-old Japanese woman received on-pump beating coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) for angina pectoris. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) performed preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively revealed the presence of mitral annular calcification, with no other abnormal findings. However, follow-up TTE performed 5 months after CABG revealed a mobile nodular mass (5.0 × 8.2 mm) in the left ventricular outflow tract. At 1 month after detection, the mass had enlarged to 5.0 × 13.0 mm. Transoesophageal echocardiography revealed that the pedunculated high-echoic mass was adhered to the posterior commissure of the mitral valve and was dynamically swinging towards the non-coronary cusp in the systolic phase. As the mass had grown rapidly in less than 6 months, it was surgically resected to prevent systemic embolism. The histological specimen consisted mainly of fibrin, including calcification and hemosiderin deposition, which lead to a diagnosis of cardiac CAT. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course during her hospital stay and had no evidence of recurrence for 1 year after discharge.

This was a rare case in which a rapidly growing cardiac CAT was detected following on-pump CABG. Cardiac CATs may grow very rapidly and therefore early surgery should be considered after initial diagnosis.

This was a rare case in which a rapidly growing cardiac CAT was detected following on-pump CABG. Cardiac CATs may grow very rapidly and therefore early surgery should be considered after initial diagnosis.

Traditionally rotablation is considered as contraindicated in presence of visible thrombus or dissection. However, clinical situations may force us to undertake rotablation in presence of thrombus or dissection. We report a case of coronary rotablation done successfully in setting of acute thrombotic occlusion over an underlying non-healed dissection.

A non-dilatable lesion in proximal left anterior descending (LAD) artery after rotablation with a 1.5 mm burr resulting in non-flow limiting Type A dissection with TIMI3 flow was left on conservative management to allow it to heal. But the patient developed ST-elevation myocardial infarction on the 9th post-intervention day due to thrombotic occlusion of the LAD at the site of dissection. At this time, we were compelled to do rotablation as a lifesaving procedure in presence of both thrombus and underlying dissection with a successful outcome.

Rotablation in presence of dissection can lead to entrapment of the flap in the rotating burr leading to progressie taken with all recommended precautions and successful outcome achieved.

Diagnostic dilemmas in an unwell neonate can require the use of enhanced imaging modalities, especially in post-operative cardiac disease.

A neonate presented a diagnostic challenge following the repair of complex transposition of the great arteries, when an echogenic mass was noted in the region of the left atrial appendage on two-dimensional echocardiography, in the context of a monitoring line (left atrial line) inserted directly through this area. Although the pressure monitoring on this line suggested elevated left atrial pressure, the neonate was clinically and haemodynamically stable. Contrast echocardiography was used to investigate this further and found the mass to be extracardiac.

Contrast echocardiography is a simple and readily available tool for further echocardiographic delineation of structures, although needs to be performed carefully and the results interpreted logically.

Contrast echocardiography is a simple and readily available tool for further echocardiographic delineation of structures, although needs to be performed carefully and the results interpreted logically.

Given the importance of sleep, several studies were conducted during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh, but no study was conducted during the second wave. Thus, this study assessed the prevalence rate, associated factors, and predictive models of insomnia during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

An online-based cross-sectional survey was conducted during the second wave of the pandemic (within April 1-13, 2021) and collected information on sociodemographic, behavior and health, COVID-19 risk, fear of COVID-19, depression, anxiety, suicidality, and insomnia. A total of 756 data from Bangladeshi young adults (22.24 ± 4.39years) were finally analyzed.

About 13% of the participants (

=98 out of a total of 756) had the symptoms of insomnia. Insomnia had a significant gender difference, where females were more prone to be insomniac. Besides, middle class, urban residence, smoking status, not engaging in physical exercise, poor health status, and multi-comorbidities were also profoundly associated with insomnia. In addition, fear of COVID-19, COVID-19 risk, and mental health problems (i.e., depression, anxiety, and suicidality) showed a significant relationship in terms of insomnia. A total of 31.2% variance predicting insomnia was identified considering all of the studied variables.

The prevalence of insomnia reported herein seems relatively lower than the prior studies, but this figure is not neglectable. Thus, the identified associated factors are highly suggested to consider in policy actions with a special focus on mental health problems to elevate the risk of sleep problems.

The prevalence of insomnia reported herein seems relatively lower than the prior studies, but this figure is not neglectable. Thus, the identified associated factors are highly suggested to consider in policy actions with a special focus on mental health problems to elevate the risk of sleep problems.Acknowledgement of scientific achievements was and is essentially achieved through the citation of a publication. Increasingly, however, it is no longer just the publication itself that plays an important role, but also the degree of attention that a scientist achieves with this very publication. Thus, the importance of strategic behavior in science is progressing and an awareness mentality is spreading. In this paper, the causes and backgrounds of this development are discussed, identifying the use of reductionist, quantitative systems in science management and research funding, the loss of critical judgment and technocratic dominance, quantitative assessments used for decision making, altmetrics and the like as alternative views, the use of perception scores in reference databases and universities as well as ambitions of journals as main drivers. Besides, different forms of strategic behavior in science and the resulting consequences and impacts are being highlighted.Fruit and vegetable consumption is recommended in numerous food-based dietary guidelines and forms a key recommendation in many international statements related to healthy diets. There are thousands of fruit and vegetable species from which to choose, but despite this abundance from nature, populations in most countries neither produce nor consume the recommended daily amounts of fruits and vegetables. There is enormous potential to better incorporate the wealth of diverse fruit and vegetable species and varieties into food systems. Known and preserved by indigenous communities, these hidden food treasures can foster collaborative research and learning. This perspective from the Task Force on Traditional and Indigenous Food Systems and Nutrition of the International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS) highlights 5 key actions that can be taken by individuals, communities, and nations to reshape dialogue about traditional and indigenous fruits and vegetables to benefit people and planetary ecosystems.Homologous recombination DNA repair deficiency (HRD) is associated with sensitivity to platinum and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in certain cancer types, including breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate. In these cancers, BRCA1/2 alterations and genomic scar signatures are useful indicators for assessing HRD. However, alterations in other homologous recombination repair (HRR)-related genes and their clinical significance in other cancer types have not been adequately and systematically investigated.

We obtained data sets of all solid tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, and comprehensively analyzed HRR pathway gene alterations, their loss-of-heterozygosity status, and per-sample genomic scar scores, that is, the HRD score and mutational signature 3 ratio, DNA methylation profiles, gene expression profiles, somatic

mutations, sex, and clinical or in vitro response to chemical exposure.

Biallelic alterations in HRR genes other than

were also associated withgnificance of homologous recombination deficiency.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1021/acsomega.0c00358.].Diesel particulate matter (DPM) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) are the emissions from diesel engines (compression ignition engines) of the most concern and are currently strictly regulated. In this work, we present an alternative diesel emission control technique to assist in further emission reduction. An experiment-oriented study on diesel engine emission abatement using low-power, low-frequency, high-voltage discharge (HVD) treatment was carried out in a laboratory-scale reactor with whole diesel engine exhaust gas. A dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor was used in direct contact with diesel exhaust gas at atmospheric temperature with an input energy density between 200 and 400 J/L. An investigation of the direct effect of the high-voltage discharge reactor on the diesel exhaust gas treatment was carried out to characterize both diesel particle and gaseous emissions. The proposed HVD system demonstrated up to 95% particulate matter reduction by mass or 64% reduction by number, and 63% reduction of the diesel soot particle geometrical mean diameter by HVD-generated O3 oxidation. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed the significant change in the diesel soot compositions and oxidation characteristics. HVD-treated particulate matter demonstrated a lower reactivity in comparison to untreated soot. Gas composition analysis indicated the generation of free radicals (e, O, OH, O3, and N) by the HVD system, as mainly indicated by the increase of the NO2/NO ratio and concentration of CO and O2. The pattern of CO2 reduction while CO and O2 increased indicated the dissociation of CO2 by HVD. Free radicals generated by HVD directly affected DeNO, DeNOx, NO2/NO ratio, and CO and CO2 selectivities.New classes of unexplored benzo[b]thiolanes are synthesized from trisubstituted thioamides through copper-catalyzed intramolecular S-arylation of thioamides for the first time. This method provides good to excellent yields with fully controlled chemoselectivity. Unusually, iminobenzo[b]thiolanes are very stable under mild acidic conditions. A plausible mechanism is proposed for the chemoselective S-arylation process.The impacts of FeS catalysts on the hydromodification and structural evolution of lignite were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicate that the caking property of lignite can be significantly improved in the presence of the FeS catalyst. When 6.0 wt % FeS was added, the maximum caking index (G RI) of modified coal reached 95. During the hydromodification, FeS has little effect on the intrinsic water gas shift reaction, but it can increase the CO conversion by promoting the decomposition and hydrogenation of coal so that more active hydrogen is generated and introduced into modified coal. FeS is conducive to the rupture of distal aliphatic groups in the extractible solutes, which promotes the entrance of hydrogen into the aromatic nucleus (Har) and α positions (Hα) of asphaltenes and β positions (Hβ) of preasphaltenes. After the catalytic hydromodification, the longer side chains or bridge bonds break and are hydrogenated to form the aliphatic structures with a shorter chain or a higher branched degree. Meanwhile, more oxygen-containing functional groups were removed along with the reduction of volatiles in the modified coal. The synergistic effect of FeS on these factors is favorable for the generation of plastic materials, which contributes to the development of the caking property of lignite.Nanoparticles are attracting attention as drug carriers for realizing „theranostics”. However, nanoparticles generally show long blood circulation behaviors, and the remaining nanoparticle probe in the blood is the cause of prolonged optimal time from probe injection to imaging. Recently, it has been reported that some nanoparticles activate the immune system, producing an anti-nanoparticle antibody, which can selectively detect the corresponding nanoparticle and transfer it to the liver by opsonization. Lactosome is a polymer micelle prepared from amphiphilic PNMG-block-PLLA polydepsipeptide and known to activate the immune system when administered to mice at a specific concentration. In this study, radioactive fluorine-labeled lactosome (18F-lactosome) is used as a positron emission tomography probe for tumor imaging, and anti-lactosome antibody was additionally administrated after 2 h from the probe dosage. 18F-lactosome remaining in the blood was opsonized by the anti-lactosome antibody and transferred to the liver under the antibody dose-dependent manner. Because of the probe reduction from the blood, the tumor/blood signal intensity ratio could be improved up to 50% by anti-lactosome antibody administration. There needs further improvement, but the developed method is applicable for imaging utilizing nanoparticle probes, which activate the immune system.Titanium(III) is a useful strong reductant and is usually standardized with iron(III) in volumetric analysis. Iron(III) is widely used as an oxidant and is usually standardized with thiosulfate ions through an iodine liberation reaction. The evaluation of the standardization procedure for iron(III) with thiosulfate ions is therefore essential to ensure the reliability of standardized titanium(III) solutions. To investigate the titration procedure for iron(III), two different titrations were performed redox titration with thiosulfate ions through an iodine liberation reaction and chelatometric titration with disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate. Subsequently, for the investigation of standardization of iron(III), titanium(III) was assayed through two titration paths redox titration with standardized iron(III) and redox titration with standard potassium dichromate. The reliability of titrimetric procedures was evaluated by applying several different stoichiometric reactions to each chemical. All titrimetric procedures were consistent with each other within their expanded uncertainties and were capable of providing reliable volumetric standards with careful operations presented in this study.The bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide anion (Tf2N), which is a common component of ionic liquids, often exhibits disorder in the solid state. In this study, the phase transitions and crystal structures of the Tf2N salts of 1,1‴-dineopentyl-1′,1″-biferrocene (=npBifc), 1′,1″-biferrocene (=Bifc), ferrocene, and cobaltocene (1-4, respectively) were compared. All the salts exhibited phase transitions at low temperatures, which are accompanied by anion ordering, though the ordering was not complete in 2 and 3. X-ray crystallographic investigation revealed that the cations and anions in 1 and 2 adopted alternating arrangements and segregated columnar arrangements, respectively. The cation in 1 exhibited a symmetrical, average-valence structure in the room-temperature phase owing to rapid valence tautomerization, whereas the cation exhibited an unsymmetrical structure in the low-temperature phase. The cation in 2 exhibited an unsymmetrical, trapped-valence structure in both phases. The cation valence states in these salts were accounted for by the electrostatic interactions between the cations and anions. The crystal structures and phase behavior of the ferrocenium salt 3 were very different from those of 4.d-Glucosamine, a natural, inexpensive, and conveniently accessible sugar, has been explored as an efficient ligand for the Cu(I)-catalyzed regio- and stereoselective synthesis of an array of (Z)-3-methyleneisoindoline-1-ones and (E)-N-aryl-4H-thiochromen-4-imines in good-to-excellent yield in a tandem fashion via the reaction of 2-halobenzamide and 2-halobenzothioamide with terminal alkynes, respectively. The water solubility and biocompatible nature of the ligand offer easy separation of the catalytic system toward the aqueous phase as well as change in the reaction path in terms of the product also demonstrated the variation of the reaction temperature. The domino reaction proceeds by the Sonogashira and Ullmann type cross-coupling reaction, followed by Cu(I)-promoted additive cyclization of heteroatom to the triple bond. In addition, d-glucosamine causes successful Glaser-Hay coupling of terminal alkynes under Cu catalysis to produce a high yield of respective 1,3-diynes.Investigation of photochromic and acidochromic behaviors of a set of pyridyl- and pyrimidylethynylated mono- and bis-benzopyrans reveals an intriguing influence of the N-heteroaryl ring on spectrokinetic properties of the photogenerated o-quinonoid colored reactive intermediates. While the absorption maxima of the pyridylethynylated bis-benzopyran and its photogenerated o-quinonoid colored species undergo bathochromic shifts by ca. 40 and 22 nm, respectively, in the presence of an acid (e.g., trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)), the same remain unaffected for the analogous pyrimidylethynylated bis-benzopyran and its photogenerated o-quinonoid colored species under similar conditions. Modification of the photochromic behavior of these benzopyrans and, hence, spectrokinetic properties of their photogenerated o-quinonoid species in the presence of H+ is a consequence of relative proton affinities of N-heteroaryl rings, i.e., pyridyl/pyrimidyl, and the resonance effects relayed through the ethynyl spacers in a push-pull π-delocalized-type skeleton; the mesomeric effects operate in a contrasting manner depending on the N-heteroaryl ring in the absence and in the presence of an acid. These molecular systems offer a unique opportunity to modulate both photochromic and acidochromic properties of benzopyrans and their photogenerated colored o-quinonoid intermediates by leveraging N-heteroaromatic rings.Spherical biomaterials based on Tokem-200 cationic exchange resin were synthesized from solutions by the sol-gel method. The material framework is represented by TiO2-SiO2, and the inner part is filled with CaO (sample TiO2-SiO2/CaO). A stepwise heat treatment (drying at 60 °C) annealing at 150, 250, and 350 °C, each for 30 min, at 600 °C for 6 h, and 800 °C for 1 h is required to obtain a homogeneous material. In simulated body fluid solution, the sample exhibited bioactive properties, and gelatin could be used as a binding additive.Gas drainage is an important method to prevent and control gas disasters. Sealing materials have an important impact on the gas drainage effect. To improve the extraction rate, the configuration and related characteristics of sealing materials were studied in this study. It was found that the fluidity increased gradually with the increase of the dosage of the suspension concentrate (SC). The water-cement ratio was directly proportional to the setting time of the slurry. Also, the mixing amount of the special cement was inversely proportional to the setting time of the slurry. The influence of the amount of foaming agent, special cement, and suspending agent on the expansion rate of the slurry was positive, and the influence gradually weakened. When the water-cement ratio of cement-based materials was 0.6, the special cement content percentage was 6, the suspension agent content percentage was 3, the plasticizer content percentage was 0.7, the early strength agent content percentage was 1.2, and the foaming agent content percentage was 0.2, the sealing effect was the best. The research results suggest that the porosity and pore length of the cement-based material are smaller than those of polyurethane, and its sealing property was better. This could further increase the sealing effect of the gas borehole, thereby facilitating gas extraction.Throughout the in vitro studies of membrane proteins (MPs), proper detergents are essential for the preparation of stable aqueous samples. To date, universally applicable detergents have not yet been reported to accommodate the distinct requirements for the highly diversified MPs and at the different stages of MP manipulation. Detergent exchange often has to be performed. We report herein the catalytically cleavable detergents (CatCDs) that can be efficiently removed to facilitate a complete exchange. To this end, functional groups, like propargyl and allyl, are introduced as branched chains or built in the hydrophobic chain close to the hydrophilic head. The representative CatCDs can be used as usual detergents in the extraction and purification of MPs and later be removed upon the addition of catalytic palladium. Mediated by CatCD-1, reconstitution of a transporter protein MsbA into a series of detergents was achieved. The extension of these designs could facilitate the future optimization of other biophysics studies.In this study, we are interested in preparing Fe(III), Pd(II), and Cu(II) complexes from new thiazole derivatives. All syntheses were elaborately elucidated to estimate their molecular and structural formulae, which agreed with those of mononuclear complexes. The square-planer geometry of Pd(II) complex (MATYPd) was the starting point for its use as a heterocatalyst in preparing pyrazole-4-carbonitrile derivatives 4a-o using ultrasonic irradiation through a facile one-pot reaction. The simple operation, short-time reaction (20 min), and high efficiency (97%) were the special advantages of this protocol. Furthermore, this green synthesis strategy was advanced by examination of the reusability of the catalyst in four consecutive cycles without significant loss of catalytic activity. The new synthesis strategy presented remarkable advantages in terms of safety, simplicity, stability, mild conditions, short reaction time, excellent yields, and use of a H2O solvent. This catalytic protocol was confirmed by the density functional theory (DFT) study, which reflected the specific characteristics of such a complex. Logical mechanisms have been suggested for the successfully exerted essential physical parameters that confirmed the superiority of the Pd(II) complex in the catalytic role. Optical band gap, electrophilicity, and electronegativity features, which are essential parameters for the catalytic behavior of the Pd(II) complex, are based mainly on the unsaturated valence shell of Pd(II).A whispering-gallery mode (WGM) optical resonance sensor for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is developed from polystyrene (PS) microspheres doped with fluorescent β-cyano-appended oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) (β-COPV). The β-COPV-doped PS microspheres (MSCOPV) are formed by the miniemulsion method in a binary solvent. MSCOPV expand upon permeation of VOCs into the PS matrix and exhibit a spectral shift of the WGM resonance peak. The permeation efficiency is highly dependent on the chemical affinity between the analyte and the polymer matrix, with exceptionally high selectivity toward aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTXs). The high selectivity and sensitivity of MSCOPV are in clear contrast to those of conventional WGM sensors that just detect VOCs nonpreferentially through adsorption onto the surface.The serious environmental pollution and energy crisis have become a global issue, which makes it a pressing task to develop sustainable and clean energy sources. There exists a large amount of renewable energy in the ocean; unfortunately, most resources are underutilized. In this work, we demonstrate a performance-enhancing rolling triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on nano-micro-structured polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films. The nano-micro structure on the PTFE surface can increase the effective contact area and enhance the triboelectric effect, which is beneficial to improve the output performance. As a result, the output voltage and output current are 25.1 V and 7.3 μA, respectively. We further investigate the effect of nano-micro PTFE concentration on the output performance. The TENG based on a 45% concentration of nano-micro PTFE presents the maximum output power. Furthermore, this TENG can effectively harvest water wave energy with various amplitudes and frequencies, which has the potential to harvest ocean energy for environmental monitoring.The natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) is the most popular and efficient fossil fuel power plant; however, integrating a carbon capture system reduces its performance efficiency. The demand to reduce the carbon capture cost and improve eco-friendliness drives the development of alternatives. In this study, four alternative NGCC-based process schemes were designed NGCC with amine carbon capture as a base configuration and NGCCs with three different chemical looping combustion (CLC) configurations. Detailed heat and material balances were evaluated for all four cases using the PRO/II simulation package. A comparative analysis of the gross and net power, plant efficiency, and carbon capture efficiency, which are imperative to optimizing the process configuration, was conducted for all of the proposed cases. All NGCC-CLC processes could produce higher net power than NGCC-MEA because the amine regenerator consumes a high amount of power in its operation. In the condition using an equal amount of natural gas supply, NGCC-CLC configurations using excess air could produce a net power of 510.1 MW with a plant efficiency of 44.35%. The excess air fed in both cases enabled the turbine to generate more power. NGCC-CLC using excess air with steam turbine integration has an investment cost of 132.9 $/net MWh, an operating cost of 56.7 $/net MWh year, and a levelized cost of electricity of 90.9 $/MWh. In addition, NGCC-CLC with excess air resulted in a carbon capture efficiency of 99.93% under 59.2 $/ton of CO2, which was higher than that of NGCC-MEA with a carbon efficiency of 95.1%. NGCC-CLC using excess air with steam turbine integration is considered as the most efficient process scheme for generating power from natural gas with regard to efficiency, cost, and environmental impact.Enhanced interspecies electron transfer (IET) among symbiotic microorganisms is an effective method to increase the rate of methane (CH4) production in anaerobic digestion. Direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET), which does not involve dissolved redox media, is considered an alternative and superior method to enhance methane production by interspecific hydrogen (H2) transfer (IHT). In this study, nickel foam was built into a semicontinuous anaerobic reactor to investigate its effect on the metabolism of propionate and butyrate. Both increased the average yield of CH4 in anaerobic digestion by 18.1 and 15.9%, respectively. Analysis of bacterial and archaeal communities showed that the addition of nickel foam could increase the relative abundance of microbial communities involved in DIET and could increase the diversity of microorganisms in the reactor. Moreover, the anaerobic digestion performance of the nickel foam reactor was good at high hydrogen partial pressure.