05).

The selection of patients is crucial for the improvement of survival rates of GCLM. Consequently, we demonstrate for the first time that the desmoplastic GP of GCLM is associated with improved outcomes, prompting further research on tumor-host interactions.

The selection of patients is crucial for the improvement of survival rates of GCLM. Consequently, we demonstrate for the first time that the desmoplastic GP of GCLM is associated with improved outcomes, prompting further research on tumor-host interactions.

Disease multimorbidity and pain is a complex, yet common, problem for the aging population, and a significant burden on the health-care systems around the world. Despite this, disease comorbidity and the association with pain in a complex chronic care population is not well understood. This study examined the most prevalent disease combinations and their association with pain.

The study initially included 139,920 residents, aged 18-101 years, admitted to publicly funded hospital facilities for complex chronic care in Canada between the years 2006 and 2016. Data were acquired through the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI) Facility-Based Continuing Care Reporting System (CCRS). Descriptive and chi-square statistics were used to summarize and compare the sample characteristics. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between multimorbid disease categories and pain outcomes.

The sample consisted of 139,573 residents (57% female), mostly older (mean age = 77.32 ntify common comorbid disease patterns related to pain in an institutionalized, complex chronic care population. This information contributes to both the pain and multimorbidity literature, and is invaluable for creating care plans to meet the demands of a challenging population.

Pathological stimuli or injury to the peripheral nervous system can trigger neuropathic pain with common clinical features such as allodynia and hypersensitivity. Although various studies have identified molecules or genes related to neuropathic pain, the essential components are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the molecular and genetic factors related to neuropathic pain.

We extracted candidate genes in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) from three nerve injury mouse models and a sham-operated model (sciatic nerve ligation and resection, sural nerve resection, spared nerve injury [SNI], and sham) using DNA microarray to elucidate the genes responsible for the neuropathic pain mechanism in the SNI model, which exhibits hypersensitivity in the hindpaw of the preserved sural nerve area. We eliminated as many biases as possible. We then focused on an upregulated endogenous vasopressin receptor and clarified whether it is closely associated with traumatic neuropathic pain using a knockoutpain. In particular, our results suggest that V1a in the DRG may partially contribute to the mechanism of neuropathic pain.

Low back pain is a prevalent symptom that occurs in all age of people, whereas the pathogenesis is unknown. Iliopsoas tendinopathy is an increasingly recognized hip disorder that may contribute to low back pain. Our purpose is to evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided local injection of anesthetic and steroid into the trigger point of iliopsoas tendon in treating low back pain caused by iliopsoas tendinopathy.

This retrospective study reviewed 45 patients diagnosed with iliopsoas tendinopathy treated by B-ultrasound guided injection of 2 mL 2% lidocaine and 1 mL (5 mg) triamcinolone acetonide into the trigger point of iliopsoas tendon from March 2016 to June 2016. Medical records were collected to analyze the clinical presentation. Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) measuring low back pain and Harris Hip score (HHS) measuring hip pain and function were administered to determine patient outcomes. Telephone follow-up was conducted, and the mean follow-up was 11 months.

We observed that most patients with iliobe considered in patients with low back pain with tenderness over the iliopsoas tendon. Ultrasound-guided local injection of anesthetic and steroid lead to satisfactory effect in relieving low back and groin pain and improving joint function.

In Africa, postoperative pain management is still a major problem with a prevalence of postoperative pain in up to 95.2% of the patients. There are little data on the prevalence and potential risk factors for postoperative pain in Tanzania. Therefore, we aimed to investigate these at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Northern Tanzania. Our goal is to optimize pain management.

A prospective cohort study was carried out from December 2016 to April 2017. Patients ≥18 years admitted for elective general or orthopedic surgery were included in the study. Demographic data were collected during a pre-operative visit, and pain was assessed with a numerical rating scale (NRS 0-10) at 4, 24, 36 and 48 hours postoperatively. A NRS >3 was considered as moderate to severe postoperative pain. Potential risk factors for postoperative pain were identified using univariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses.

A total of 281 patients were included in the study. The prevalence of postoperative papain in this study. It reflects the need for adequate postoperative analgesia, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Further research identifying risk factors in larger cohorts can be performed if adequate analgesia is given.

The ultimate goal of cytoreduction surgery is the complete removal of all visible tumors (complete cytoreductive surgery) or tumor residues <1 cm (optimal cytoreduction surgery). Following cytoreduction surgery in ovarian cancer, tumor residue is one of the most important prognostic factors. Oncologists strive to be able to predict the outcome of cytoreduction surgery during the presurgical period. The purpose of this study was to assess CCL5 as a modality for determining whether a patient could perform optimal cytoreduction surgery or not.

This was an observational, analytic, and cross-sectional study of patients with ovarian cancer who underwent surgery at the Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung from 2019 to 2020. All of the patients had stage I-IV disease based on the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) score.

In total, 72 patients were enrolled in this study, 31 of whom underwent suboptimal cytoreduction surgery and 41 underwent optimal cytoreduction surgery. The mean serum CCL5 level at suboptimal cytoreduction was 70,920.87 ± 36,362.966, while that at optimal cytoreduction was 43,244.95 ± 21,983.887. CCL5, as a predictor of suboptimal cytoreduction surgery, had a sensitivity of 61.3%, a specificity of 68.3%, and an accuracy of 65.7% (p = 0.012).

Preoperative CCL5 serum levels can predict suboptimal cytoreduction surgery outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer.

Preoperative CCL5 serum levels can predict suboptimal cytoreduction surgery outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of serum calcium and phosphorus levels on the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in Chinese children and adolescents with short stature.

In this cross-sectional analysis, the clinical data of 747 children with height below -2 SD who were evaluated at the Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from March 1, 2013, to February 28, 2019, were selected. Anthropometric and biochemical indicators were measured. The relationship between the serum calcium and phosphorus levels and IGF-1 was analysed.

The univariate analysis results showed that serum calcium or phosphorus was significantly associated with IGF-1 SDS. In addition, after adjusting for possible confounding factors, a linear relationship between serum calcium and IGF-1 SDS and a non-linear relationship between serum phosphorus and IGF-1 SDS were observed by smooth curve fitting. The results of the fully adjusted linear regression showed that serum calcium was positively associated with IGF-1 SDS (β 1.07, 95% CI 0.21, 1.92; p = 0.015). In the multivariate piecewise linear regression, when the serum phosphorus level was greater than 1.26 mmol/L, the IGF-1 SDS increased with the increase in serum phosphorus (β 1.92, 95% CI 1.36, 2.48; p < 0.001). However, we did not observe a significant relationship when the serum phosphorus level was less than 1.26 mmol/L (p = 0.223).

This study demonstrated that in Chinese children and adolescents with short stature, circulating calcium and phosphorus concentrations may be associated with the regulation of IGF-1 levels, and this relationship merits further investigation.

This study demonstrated that in Chinese children and adolescents with short stature, circulating calcium and phosphorus concentrations may be associated with the regulation of IGF-1 levels, and this relationship merits further investigation.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected all aspects of inpatient hospital medicine with patients admitted from level 1 (general medical wards) to level 3 (intensive care). Often, there are subtle physiological differences in these cohorts of patients. In particular, in intensive care, patients tend to be younger and have increased disease severity. Data, to date, has combined outcomes from medical and intensive care cohorts, or looked exclusively at intensive care. We looked solely at the level 1 (medical) cohort to identify their clinical characteristics and predictors of outcome.

This was a retrospective study of adult patients admitted to a central London teaching hospital with a diagnosis of COVID-19 from 23rd March to 7th April 2020 identified from the hospital electronic database. Any patients who required level 2 or 3 care were excluded.

A total of 229 patients were included for analysis. Increased age and frailty scores were associated with increased 30-day mortality. Reduced renal function and elevated troponin blood levels are also associated with poor outcome. Baseline observations showed that increased oxygen requirement was predictive for mortality. A trend of increased mortality with lower diastolic blood pressure was noted. Lymphopenia was not shown to be related to mortality.

Urea and creatinine are the best predictors of mortality in the level 1 cohort. Unlike previous intensive care data, lymphopenia is not predictive of mortality. We suggest that these factors be considered when prognosticating and for resource allocation for the treatment and escalation of care for patients with COVID-19 infection.

Urea and creatinine are the best predictors of mortality in the level 1 cohort. Unlike previous intensive care data, lymphopenia is not predictive of mortality. We suggest that these factors be considered when prognosticating and for resource allocation for the treatment and escalation of care for patients with COVID-19 infection.

Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) has been indicated to be a important risk factor for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). Primary ciliogenesis defects contribute to tumorigenesis, and OFD1 at centriolar satellites is a crucial suppressor of primary ciliogenesis. To identify novel markers associated with HPV-induced carcinogenesis, the interactions between HPV infection and primary ciliogenesis in the tumorigenesis and progression of OPSCC were investigated in this study.

The 1530 OPSCC patients recruited in this research were treated from 2000 to 2017. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR were performed on tissue samples to compare the expression of p16, TSLP, TGFβ1, IFNγ, OFD1, and their relationship with clinical characteristics of patients.

We speculate that the positive expression of p16 is related to early primary OPSCC, and the survival rate of p16 positive patients after radiotherapy and surgery is higher. Expression of TSLP on dendritic cells in HPV-positive OPSCC correlated with the expression of OFD1. HPV-positive OPSCC showed increased expression of OFD1 combined with reduced ciliogenesis. Hence, TSLP induced by HPV infection may reduce the invasive potential of OPSCC cells by promoting OFD1 expression, thereby inhibiting primary ciliogenesis.

Our study demonstrated that HPV may be related to the progression of OPSCC by regulating OFD1 expression and primary ciliogenesis, making this protein a potential therapeutic target.

Our study demonstrated that HPV may be related to the progression of OPSCC by regulating OFD1 expression and primary ciliogenesis, making this protein a potential therapeutic target.[This corrects the article DOI 10.2147/IJNRD.S280458.].

Neuroinflammation, characterized by the increased expression of inflammatory proteins such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), plays a critical role in neurodegenerative disorders. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been shown to upregulate MMP-9 expression through the activation of various transcription factors, including activator protein 1 (AP-1) and forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1). The flavonoid 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (galangin) has been demonstrated to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in various types of cells. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effect of galangin on LPS-induced MMP-9 expression in rat brain astrocytes (RBA-1 cells).

Pharmacological inhibitors and siRNAs were employed to explore the effects of galangin on LPS-challenged RBA-1 cells. Gelatin zymography, Western blotting, real-time PCR, and a luciferase reporter assay were used to detect MMP-9 activity, protein expression, mRNA levels, and promoter activity, respective/PDGFRβ/PI3K/Akt/mTOR/JNK1/JNK2 and p44/p42 MAPK cascade-dependent AP-1 and FoxO1 activities. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms through which galangin mitigates LPS-induced inflammatory responses, and suggest novel strategies for the management of LPS-related brain diseases.

Galangin attenuates the LPS-induced inflammatory responses, including the induction of MMP-9 expression and cell migration, via inhibiting Pyk2/PDGFRβ/PI3K/Akt/mTOR/JNK1/JNK2 and p44/p42 MAPK cascade-dependent AP-1 and FoxO1 activities. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms through which galangin mitigates LPS-induced inflammatory responses, and suggest novel strategies for the management of LPS-related brain diseases.

Sensitive skin is characterized by uncomfortable sensations in response to a number of factors. We performed a large-scale study to investigate the prevalence of sensitive skin at all ages and the impacts of related factors across China.

A nationwide sampling of the Chinese population aged over 18 was conducted. Subjects were categorized into sensitive and non-sensitive groups, and critical differences between these two groups were investigated.

In total, 22,085 questionnaires were collected from Chinese women with sensitive skin. The prevalence of sensitive skin is 49.6% and is associated with age, skin type, geographic area of subjects, and other factors. Heavy life stress and the application of several cosmetic products also affect the prevalence of sensitive skin.

Having a combination or oily skin type, living in the municipalities, being under heavy stress, and applying several cosmetic products will increase skin stress and contribute to the occurrence of sensitive skin.

Having a combination or oily skin type, living in the municipalities, being under heavy stress, and applying several cosmetic products will increase skin stress and contribute to the occurrence of sensitive skin.

Longitudinal melanonychia can arise from many underlying conditions, both benign and malignant. Practitioners tend to be reluctant to perform a biopsy of this condition due to procedure-related pain and the possibility of permanent nail dystrophy. Onychoscopy has become a useful tool to provide a provisional diagnosis and assist in deciding on a nail biopsy.

To investigate and differentiate the clinical and onychoscopic features of subungual melanoma (SUM)/subungual melanoma in situ (SMIS) and other benign melanocytic conditions (BM).

In this cross-sectional study, a total of 32 cases of longitudinal melanonychia were examined, and baseline characteristics were recorded. Onychoscopic pictures were taken by handheld dermoscopy with 10x and 50x magnification. A biopsy was then performed in each case, and a pathological diagnosis was obtained.

Of the 32 cases, 6 were diagnosed with SMIS and 26 with BM (21 simple lentigines, 5 junctional nevi). The median age was significantly higher among the SMIS group melanocytic conditions.

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism and it is highly related with diminished HRQOL in Ethiopia; diabetic related complications especially bring major negative impacts on HRQOL.

To assess HRQOL and associated factors among type two diabetic patients in Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, north east Ethiopia, 2020.

Institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on 417 patients through systematic random sampling technique from February 08 to April 08, 2020. WHO HRQOL 26 items were used to measure outcome variable. Face-to-face interview, document review and measurement were implemented to collect data. The data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 and summarized by using tables. Simple linear regression analysis was done and forwarded to multivariable linear regression analysis at p-value <0.25. Next multivariable linear regression analysis was done and variables whose p-value less than 0.05 with unstandardized B-coefficient were declared significnearly half score point out of ahundred. Health professionals should follow a holistic approach to management to address negatively associated predictor variables with HRQOL.

The mean score of health-related quality of life in physical health domain, psychological health domain, social health domain and environmental health domain was recorded nearly half score point out of a hundred. Health professionals should follow a holistic approach to management to address negatively associated predictor variables with HRQOL.

ANGPTL8 is a cytokine expressed and secreted by liver and adipose tissue, and is involved in glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism. Although studies have shown that ANGPTL8 is elevated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease, few have examined the association between

single-nucleotide polymorphisms and the risk of macrovascular complications in T2DM patients. This study aimed to explore the relationship between rs2278426 and carotid intima-media thickening (cIMT) in T2DM.

A total of 217 T2DM patients and 201 healthy control subjects with normal glucose tolerance were recruited in the study. T2DM patients were divided into two groups T2DM patients without cIM thickening (cIMT <1 mm, 109 cases) and T2DM patients with cIM thickening (cIMT ≥1 mm, 108 cases). rs2278426 genotypes in all 418 subjects were determined and the risk of T2DM and T2DM with cIM thickening analyzed.

CT+TT-genotype frequency in T2DM was higher than in controls with normal glucose tolerance, and the proportion of the CT+TT genotype in the group with cIMT was higher than in the group (

<0.05). In addition, T alleles were associated with waisthip ratio, triglycerides, high density-lipoprotein cholesterol, plasma glucose at 2 hours’ oral glucose tolerance, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (

<0.05).

Generally, carriers of the T allele at rs2278426 are more likely to develop T2DM, and the risk of cIM thickening is significantly increased for T-allele carriers with T2DM, which indicates an increased risk of macroangiopathy.

Generally, carriers of the T allele at rs2278426 are more likely to develop T2DM, and the risk of cIM thickening is significantly increased for T-allele carriers with T2DM, which indicates an increased risk of macroangiopathy.

Our aim was to investigate the effects of add-on canagliflozin with glimepiride dose adjustment or glimepiride dose adjustment on pancreatic beta cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and inadequate glycemic control despite stable triple therapy (metformin, teneligliptin, and glimepiride) plus diet/exercise therapy.

Forty patients on stable triple therapy were randomized to glimepiride dose adjustment without (glimepiride group) or with add-on canagliflozin 100 mg (canagliflozin group) for 24 weeks. The glimepiride dose was adjusted every 4 weeks based on continuous glucose monitoring over the previous 2 weeks according to a prespecified algorithm. After the 24-week treatment period, the patients returned to the pre-intervention regimen for 1 week (wash-out period). Patients underwent 75 g OGTTs at the start of the run-in period and at the end of the wash-out period. The primary endpoint was the change in disposition index (DI).

Thirty-nine patients completed the study (canagliflozin,

UMIN000030208/jRCTs051180036.

UMIN000030208/jRCTs051180036.

Neem tree (

) offers different bioactives ranging from pesticides to therapeutic molecules, depending on which part of the plant is used and the extraction methodology and the solvent used. This study was aimed at evaluating the safety and efficacy of a standardized aqueous extract of

leaves and twigs (NEEM) on glycemic control, endothelial dysfunction, and systemic inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study (RCT), 80 T2DM subjects, who have already been on standard metformin therapy, received either 125 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg of NEEM or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. Postprandial blood sugar level (PPBS), fasting blood sugar level (FBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin resistance (IR), endothelial function, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, IL-6 and TNF-α, platelet aggregation and lipid profile were assessed. Adverse drug reactions, if any, were noted. GraphPad Prism 8 was used to perform statisticadysfunction, and systemic inflammation, on top of what metformin could do, in subjects with T2DM.

Sequence type 1193 is a new such lineage among fluoroquinolone-resistant

, which has risen dramatically within the last several years. However, reasons for rapid emergence and successful spread of

ST1193 remain unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the pathogenicity and survivability features of

ST1193 with global epidemic lineage, ST131.

A total of 30

were used in this study. Isolates were divided into two groups, ST1193 (n=15) and ST131 (n=15). Adhesion and invasion to T24 cells and resistance to serum were quantified and compared among two groups. Biofilm formation capacity was assessed by crystal violet assay. Macrocolony formation was assessed on macrocolony formation plates. Resistance to hydrogen peroxide was performed by broth microdilution. RAW264.7 cells were used to assess the anti-phagocytic function of different isolates.

Adhesion and invasion assays revealed that

ST1193 could adhere and invade T24 cells (

<0.05). 93.3% of

ST1193 could form biofilms. The majori caused by E. coli ST1193.

There is a paucity of published data to evaluate the efficacy and safety of imipenem (IPM) and piperacillin-tazobactam (PT) dosing regimens in the treatment of septic patients acquiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

Critically-ill patients were grouped into short-stay and long-stay intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Pathogens were isolated from bloodstream infections in these patients. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was determined by agar dilution method. Population PK models were introduced in this study, and differences in the likelihood of achieving efficacious and toxic exposures of IPM and PT for critically-ill patients were assessed.

A total of 86

bloodstream infection associated isolates were collected, and the MIC

and MIC

for short-stay ICU patients were 0.5/4 mg/L and 32/128 mg/L, respectively. IMP 0.5g q8h reached 90% probability of target attainment (PTA) against isolates with MICs ≤2 mg/L and was recommended to empirically treat short-stay ICU patients duICU patients during CRRT. PT should be used in the knowledge of MIC results.

To predict the risk of hospital deaths in patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) caused by multidrug-resistant

(MDR-AB) infection.

A total of 366 patients who were diagnosed with HAP caused by MDR-AB infection were enrolled between January 2013 and December 2016. The sociological characteristics and clinical data of these cases were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were used to explore the risk factors of hospital deaths before medication and after drug withdrawal. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC) were utilized to assess the predictive effectiveness of the models with or without the adjustment.

Hospital deaths occurred in 142 cases (38.80%). The results showed that acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores before medication and after drug withdrawal were associated with the risk of hospital deaths. Adjusting the covariants including the age, aumprove the prognosis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor with limited treatment. Our previous studies demonstrated that Huaier enhanced chemotherapy sensitivity and restrained HCC proliferation. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed proteins with Huaier treatment in HCC cells, providing molecular targets for future targeted therapy of HCC.

The effects of Huaier on the cell cycle were determined by flow cytometry and Western blot (WB). Xenograft models were used to verify the effects of Huaier on tumor growth. Then, proteomics was performed to identify the potential proteins regulated by Huaier. The enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG was performed for the differentially expressed proteins. Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect the levels of proteins after Huaier treatment. After that the correlation of differentially expressed proteins with pathological stages was analyzed via the GEPIA database. We also analyzed candidate expression after Huaier treatment iier treatment was closely associated with the activation and inhibition of cancer-related pathways, and the MCM family was identified as a potential target in the antitumor process of Huaier. This study is helpful in understanding the molecular alterations and clinical relevance of HCC after Huaier treatment, which is beneficial for finding new targets and designing effective chemotherapy regimens for the future treatment of HCC.

The present study constructed and validated models to predict PD-L1 and CD8+TILs expression levels in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients using radiomics features and clinical factors.

This retrospective study randomly assigned 220 ESCC patients to a discovery dataset (n= 160) and validation dataset (n= 60). A total of 462 radiomics features were extracted from the segmentation of regions of interest (ROIs) based on pretreatment CT images of each patient. The LASSO algorithm was applied to reduce the dimensionality of the data and select features. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was adopted to build radiomics signatures. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive accuracy of these models.

There was no significant difference between the training and validation datasets for any clinical factors in patients with ESCC. The PD-L1 expression level correlated with the differentiation degree (

= 0.011) and tumor stage (

= 0.032). performance in ESCC.

Some studies have confirmed that

exhibits a suppressive role in gastric cancer, Wilms’ tumor. However, the function of

in colorectal cancer has not been completely elucidated. The present study aims to verify

as the targeted gene by

which was investigated in colorectal cancer tissues and cells, and its effects on the biological characteristics of colorectal cancer cells were determined, in order to provide an experimental and theoretical basis for the application of

in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

qPCR analyzed

expression levels in colorectal cancer tissues, normal colorectal cancer tissues and colorectal cells including SW480 and HCT116 cancer cells and FHC normal colorectal epithetical cells. A serial biological experiment analyzed

effects on cell proliferation, migration and invasion capacities in SW480 and HCT116 cells. miRNA targeting gene prediction and a dual luciferase assay were used to analyze

targeted

. qPCR and Western blot analyzed

effects on the mRNA and prsignaling pathways.

Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 519 (

) promotes the development of lung squamous cell carcinoma. In this study, we detected the expression of

in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and examined its clinical significance. Additionally, the regulatory effects of

on behaviors of TSCC tumor cells were explored through functional experiments. Finally, mechanistic studies were performed to elucidate the molecular events underlying the tumor-promoting actions of

in TSCC.

The expression of

in TSCC tissues and cell lines was determined using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Cell counting kit-8 assay, flow cytometric analysis, cell migration and invasion assays and xenograft tumor model analyses were used to detect TSCC cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion and in vivo tumor growth, respectively. Mechanistic studies were performed using bioinformatics analysis, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiments.

was n underlying therapeutic target in TSCC.

LINC00519 aggravated the oncogenicity of TSCC by regulating the miR-876-3p/MACC1 axis. Our findings suggest that the LINC00519/miR-876-3p/MACC1 pathway may be an underlying therapeutic target in TSCC.

(

), also known as serine/threonine kinase 26 (

), promotes development of several cancers and is found to be highly expressed in the placenta. However, in choriocarcinoma that originated from the placenta, the expression of

was undetermined and its mechanism was unknown. In this study, the expression of

in choriocarcinoma as well as the underlying mechanism was explored.

To detect the expression of

in patient samples and mechanism of mediating EMT by

in choriocarcinoma.

The metastatic lesions of choriocarcinoma (n=17) and volunteer villus (n=17) were collected to determine

expression using immunohistochemistry and H&E staining. We use siRNA and lentiviral vector to knockdown

and use plasmid to overexpress

in choriocarcinoma. Then, we apply real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot assay and immunofluorescence assay to detect target protein expressions. Cell invasion and migration and cell proliferation were detected by transwell assay and wound healing assayh overexpressed

. Moreover, TGF-β1 was a key factor after

knockdown. In conclusion,

affects choriocarcinoma EMT by mediating TGF-β1 expression.

Our studies demonstrated that MST4 was lowly expressed in patient samples. Additionally, JAR and JEG-3 increase cell invasion and migration ability while there is no influence on cell proliferation with MST4 knockdown. Conversely, the metastatic ability of JAR and JEG-3 was decreased with overexpressed MST4. Moreover, TGF-β1 was a key factor after MST4 knockdown. In conclusion, MST4 affects choriocarcinoma EMT by mediating TGF-β1 expression.

To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of ATAS acupuncture (Acupoints-Time-Space Acupuncture) as a non-pharmacological intervention to prevent or relieve chemotherapy-induced fatigue in breast cancer patients undergoing taxane chemotherapy.

A pilot study in Kunming center with the aim of evaluating 40 patients randomized to 3 groups ATAS, sham and non-acupuncture with an unequal randomization of 211. Participants with stage I-III breast cancer were scheduled to receive adjuvant EC4P4 chemotherapy. Participants in the ATAS and sham acupuncture arms received 20 sessions of acupuncture over 20 weeks, non-acupuncture arm received usual care. Evaluation scales, including VAS-F, MFI-20, HDAS, ISI, and blood samples were collected at four timepoints (T1-T4). mRNA sequencing was performed to detect the mechanism of acupuncture.

A total of 581 sessions of acupuncture were performed on patients in the acupuncture group. There was no difference between the three groups in terms of clinical characteristics. Patients randomized to ATAS acupuncture had improved symptoms including fatigue, anxiety and insomnia during the whole process of chemotherapy compared with the other two groups. The VAS-F score of ATAS acupuncture group was decreased compared with non-acupuncture group (P=0.004). The score of MFI-20 in ATAS acupuncture group was kept at low level, while the other two groups’ scores kept climbing during chemotherapy (P=0.016; P=0.028, respectively). The mechanism of ATAS acupuncture which reduced fatigue and depression may be related to ADROA1, by regulating cGMP/PKG pathway.

This pilot study has demonstrated that ATAS acupuncture can significantly reduce fatigue induced by chemotherapy.

Chinese Clinical Trials Registry, ChiCTR-IPR-17,013,652, registered Dec 3, 2017. http//www.chictr.org.cn/.

Version 3.2 dated from 2018/04/20.

Version 3.2 dated from 2018/04/20.

Previously, we showed that lactate promoted the proliferation and mobility of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by increasing the expression of ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1). In this study, we determined the relationship between ODC1 and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2, a key lactate metabolism enzyme), and determined the combined effects of difluoromethylornithine (DFMO; an ODC1 inhibitor) and compound 3k (a PKM2 inhibitor) on HCC cells.

First, the relationship between PKM2 and ODC1 was analyzed using Western blotting, Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8 assays, transwell assays, bioinformatics, quantitative real-time fluorescent PCR (qRT-PCR), and immunohistochemical staining. Thereafter, the ODC1 inhibitor DFMO and the PKM2 inhibitor compound 3k were employed. Their combined effects on HCC cell proliferation and mobility were evaluated via CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model in mice, wound healing assays, and transwell assays. Additionally, the effects of DFMO and compound 3k on the with compound 3k may be a novel effective strategy for treating HCC.

PKM2/ODC1 are involved in a positive feedback loop. The simultaneous inhibition of ODC1 and PKM2 using DFMO and compound 3k exerts synergistic effects against HCC cells via the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Thus, DFMO combined with compound 3k may be a novel effective strategy for treating HCC.

The complexity of modern medicine requires high-performance teamwork to ensure quality care. Teams rely on communication patterns that are replicable and efficient. The purpose of this observational study was to characterize communication dynamics among interprofessional team members during a team huddle. The study aimed to (a) characterize communication within structured huddles on an inpatient medicine unit by evaluating who talked and to whom and what types of communication took place during each interaction and (b) explore participants’ perceptions of the huddles.

We used a sociogram to diagram direct observations of the structure and patterns of group interaction. Through the sociogram, we documented the flow and frequency of team members information exchange, questions, and requests. We conducted two follow-up focus groups-one with residents and one with nurses.

The most frequent type of interaction observed was information exchange nurse to resident (28.3%) and resident to nurse (47%). Both residportunity to share information, requests, and questions and update shared mental models to meet team objectives.SARS-CoV-2 infection is predominantly a respiratory disease with a diverse clinical spectrum. Pulmonary thromboembolic complications during COVID-19 pneumonia may be associated with a high mortality rate and post-mortem findings confirm the presence of platelet-fibrin thrombi in arterial vessels of patients together with lung tissue alterations. We present a patient transferred to the emergency department due to a syncope with no other associated symptoms, who was diagnosed with an acute pulmonary embolism (PE) concomitant with SARS-CoV-2 infection without lung infiltrates. Presenting with a PE as the only manifestation of this infection, reinforces our conception of COVID-19 as a heterogeneous disease of which we still know very little. We believe that while the virus is still circulating in our environment, we need to consider ruling out COVID-19 in all thrombotic events, even if the patients have no other risk factors.

Chemoresistance leads to chemotherapy failure in patients with cancer. Multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer is mainly caused by the high expression of P-glycoprotein encoded by the

gene, which is an ATP-dependent protease. Keeping the stronger invasion and migration abilities of chemoresistant cells in cancer also requires more ATP consumption. Herein, we aimed to reverse resistance by reducing the glucose supply in the cellular environment.

A starvation approach in reversing chemoresistance was applied, which was implemented through preparing fluorescent dextran-based nanoparticles to detect the proportion of chemoresistant cells in the chemoresistant/chemosensitive cell mixture after cells cultured in a low-glucose condition.

Chemoresistant cells had higher glucose consumption with higher ATPase expression and stronger glucose dependence compared to chemosensitive cells. Moreover, cancer cells cultured in a low-glucose condition reduced the proportion of chemoresistant cells.

Starvation therapy can be used as a new method to reverse drug resistance in cancer.

Starvation therapy can be used as a new method to reverse drug resistance in cancer.

Curcumin, a polyphenol isolated from the rhizomes of turmeric, holds great potential as a neuroprotective agent in addition to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics. The poor bioavailability and low stability of curcumin are the greatest barriers to its clinical use. This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effect of curcumin on axonal injury, by delivering the lipophilic polyphenol to a primary hippocampal neuron culture by means of a lipid-based drug delivery system, named emulsomes.

To study neuroregeneration ex vivo, an injury model was established through single-cell laser axotomy on hippocampal neurites. Upon treatment with curcumin-loaded emulsomes (CurcuEmulsomes), curcumin and CurcuEmulsome uptake into neurons was verified by three-dimensional Z-stack images acquired with confocal microscopy. Neuron survival after axonal injury was tracked by propidium iodide (PI) and Hoechst staining. Alterations in expression levels of physiological markers, such as anti-apoptotic markative models ex vivo. CurcuEmulsomes delivered curcumin to primary hippocampal neurons successfully. Treated with CurcuEmulsomes, injured hippocampal neurons benefit from the neuroprotective effects of curcumin, exhibiting a higher survival rate and increased anti-apoptotic marker levels.In recent years, photothermal therapy (PTT) particularly nanomaterial-based PTT is a promising therapeutic modality and technique for cancer tumor ablation. In addition to killing tumor cells directly through heat, PTT also can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) to activate the whole-body anti-tumor immune response, including the redistribution and activation of immune effector cells, the expression and secretion of cytokines and the transformation of memory T lymphocytes. When used in combination with immunotherapy, the efficacy of nanomaterial-based PTT can be improved. This article summarized the mechanism of nanomaterial-based PTT against cancer and how nanomaterial-based PTT impacts the tumor microenvironment and induces an immune response. Moreover, we reviewed recent advances of nanomaterial-based photothermal immunotherapy and discussed challenges and future outlook.In the current chapter, a new strategic compilation of phytochemicals with potent antitumor properties has been addressed, most importantly focusing on cell cycle arrest and apoptotic signaling mechanism. A promising approach in tumor prevention is to eliminate cancer cells preferably via cell cycle arrest and programmed cell death with lesser harm to neighboring normal cells. Cancer cells have a survival advantage to escape apoptosis and relentlessly divide to proliferate, gearing up the cell cycle process. Recently, the use of phytochemical-derived conjugated chemotherapeutic agents has increased dramatically owing to its biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, low resistance, and dynamic physiochemical properties discriminating normal cells in the treatment of various cancer types. For decades, biomedical investigations have targeted cell cycle and apoptotic cell death mechanism as an effective cancer-killing tool for systemically assessing the potential biological interactions of functional phytocompounds compared to its synthetic counterparts during their complete life cycles from entry, biodistribution, cellular/molecular interactions to excretion. Newly emerging nanotechnology application in anticancer drug formulations has revolutionized cancer therapy. Tissue-specific phyto-nanomedicine plays a vital role in advanced cancer diagnostics using liposome, micelle, and nanoparticles as a precise and effective delivery vehicle. This chapter specifically focuses on the therapeutic phytomolecules approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA, USA) along with phyto-chemopreventives currently on clinical trials (Phase-I/II/III/IV). Besides, detailed coverage is given to the FDA-approved nanotechnology-based formulations only in the areas of cancer theranostics via cell cycle arrest and apoptotic pathways including present challenges and future perspectives.

Apigenin is known to have a broad-spectrum efficacy in oxidative stress and conditions due to inflammation, although weak absorption, fast metabolic rate and a fast elimination (systemic) limit the pharmacological efficacy of this drug. Hence, we propose the usage of highly bioavailable Apigenin-solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs) to recognize such limitations. The defensive function of Apigenin-SLNPs on renal damage induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in animals was studied.

We initially injected the rats with 35 mg kg

streptozocin intraperitoneally, and after 7 days, the rats were then injected 150 mg kg

of metformin intragastrically followed by a once-daily intragastric dose of Apigenin-SLNP (25 or 50 mg kg

) for a continuous period of 30 days. We then measured the level of insulin and blood glucose, superoxide dismutase, catalase and malondialdehyde in the tissues of the kidney. We also observed messenger-RNA expression of Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in renal tissue the to Apigenin-SLNPs, in rats induced with streptozocin maybe through the pathway of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1/Nuclear Factor-κB.With the increasing production and application of engineered amorphous silica nanoparticles (aSiNPs), people have more opportunities to be exposed to aSiNPs. However, the knowledge of its adverse health effects and related mechanisms is still limited, compared with the well-studied crystalline micron-sized silica. Since small differences in the physical-chemical properties of nanoparticles could cause significant differences in the toxic effect, it is important to distinguish how these variations influence the outcoming toxicity. Notably, particle size, as one of the essential characterizations of aSiNPs, is relevant to its biological activities. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to summarize the relationship between the particle size of aSiNPs and its adverse biological effects. In order to avoid the influence of complicated in vivo experimental conditions on the toxic outcome, only in vitro toxicity studies which reported on the cytotoxic effect of different sizes aSiNPs were included. After the systematic literature retrieval, selection, and quality assessment process, 76 eligible scientific papers were finally included in this review. There were 76% of the studies that concluded a size-dependent cytotoxicity of aSiNPs, in which smaller-sized aSiNPs possessed greater toxicity. However, this trend could be modified by certain influence factors, such as the synthetic method of aSiNPs, particle aggregation state in cell culture medium, toxicity endpoint detection method, and some other experimental conditions. The effects of these influence factors on the size-dependent cytotoxicity of aSiNPs were also discussed in detail in the present review.

To evaluate the accuracy of inflammatory biomarkers in differentiating patients with asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) from those with COPD alone.

Clinical data of 134 patients with COPD and 48 patients with ACO admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from January 2016 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the best cut-off values of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), blood eosinophil counts (EOS), and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for differentiating between ACO and COPD alone. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationships between these inflammatory biomarkers and the forced expiratory volume in one second/prediction (FEV

%pred).

FeNO and EOS in the ACO patients were significantly higher than those in the COPD patients (FeNO median 37.50 vs 24.50 ppb,

< 0.001; EOS median 0.20 vs 0.10 ×10

/L,

= 0.004). FeNO was positively correlated with FEV

%pfferentiating between ACO and COPD alone.

The inflammatory biomarkers FeNO and EOS can be used as indicators for differentiating between ACO and COPD alone.

The validity of four-dimensional dynamic-ventilation CT scan for distinguishing COPD from asthma has not been established.

To assess whether four-dimensional dynamic-ventilation CT scan can aid in the diagnosis of COPD by comparing local lung movement during tidal breathing between COPD and asthma.

Thirty-three COPD patients (30 males and three females; median age 74; range 44-89 years) and 11 asthma patients (five males and six females; median age 55; range 32-75 years) underwent whole-lung dynamic-ventilation CT scan. CT data were reconstructed, one respiratory cycle to 10 phases, and in addtion we reconstructed threefold new phase data sets. We then analyzed local lung movement during tidal breathing using unpaired

-tests and chi-squared tests.

The local lung movement in COPD patients was significantly smaller than in asthma patients, especially in the ventral part of the lung. This was so even in patients who had mild emphysema (Goddard score <8).

Quantitative evaluation using four-dimensional dynamic-ventilation CT scan demonstrated that local lung movement during tidal breathing, particularly in the ventral lung, was smaller in COPD than in asthma patients, which may help distinguish COPD from asthma.

Quantitative evaluation using four-dimensional dynamic-ventilation CT scan demonstrated that local lung movement during tidal breathing, particularly in the ventral lung, was smaller in COPD than in asthma patients, which may help distinguish COPD from asthma.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of

in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) progression and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Aberrant miRNA expression profiles between smokers and nonsmokers, and those between COPD patients and normal subjects were analyzed using microarray datasets and reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of inflammatory cytokines in cell supernatants. Expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, HAT1, TLR4, and

, were determined using qPCR or Western blotting. Luciferase reporter assays and fluorescence in situ hybridization were used to confirm the regulatory interaction between

and

.

was significantly upregulated in the COPD and smoker groups compared to the control group, as demonstrated using bioinformatics analysis and validated using qPCR assay of alveolar macrophages and peripheral monocytes. Moreover, miR-486-5p expression was significantly correlated with the expression of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that

directly targeted

, and cellular localization showed that

and HAT1 were highly expressed in the cytoplasm.

overexpression led to a significant upregulation of TLR4 and a significant downregulation of HAT1. Inversely,

inhibition led to a significant downregulation of TLR4 and a significant upregulation of HAT1.

knockdown using siRNA significantly upregulated the expression of TLR4, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and IFN-γ.

was differentially expressed in the alveolar macrophages of COPD patients.

overexpression may enhance the

-triggered inflammatory response in COPD patients by targeting

.

miR-486-5p was differentially expressed in the alveolar macrophages of COPD patients. miR-486-5p overexpression may enhance the TLR4-triggered inflammatory response in COPD patients by targeting HAT1.

Ankylosing spondylitis with Andersson lesions is not rare, but its potential pathogenesis and natural course remain unclear.

We describe a case of CT image changes in ankylosing spondylitis from fracture to Andersson lesions. A 40-year-old man with a 23-year history of ankylosing spondylitis presented with acute back pain after a slight fall, and the CT showed a T12 fracture; the patient refused surgery for 12 months. The process from fracture to Andersson lesions was characterized by CT, including the subsequent interbody bone graft with internal fixation and successful bone fusion at the last follow-up. Histopathologic analysis showed degenerative fibrocartilage tissue calcification, necrotic intervertebral disc tissue, fibrovascular hyperplasia, and focal accumulation of inflammatory cells.

Aseptic inflammation and persistent instability caused by a fracture contributed in the course from fracture to Andersson lesions in ankylosing spondylitis. CT can accurately track the pathological process, and interbody fusion via the posterior pedicle lateral approach can achieve satisfactory effectiveness, good fusion and kyphosis correction.

Aseptic inflammation and persistent instability caused by a fracture contributed in the course from fracture to Andersson lesions in ankylosing spondylitis. CT can accurately track the pathological process, and interbody fusion via the posterior pedicle lateral approach can achieve satisfactory effectiveness, good fusion and kyphosis correction.