Our results show that the composite measures indeed predicted participants’ ratings. Moreover, the composite complexity measure predicted complexity ratings as well as existing models of musical complexity. We conclude that the four subsets are suitable for use in studies that require presenting participants with short musical motifs varying in balance, contour, symmetry, or complexity, and that the stimuli and the computational measures are valuable resources for research in music psychology, empirical aesthetics, music information retrieval, and musicology. The MUST set and MATLAB toolbox codifying the computational measures are freely available at osf.io/bfxz7.In the present study, we provide a comprehensive analysis and a multi-dimensional dataset of semantic transparency measures for 1810 German compound words. Compound words are considered semantically transparent when the contribution of the constituents’ meaning to the compound meaning is clear (as in airport), but the degree of semantic transparency varies between compounds (compare strawberry or sandman). Our dataset includes both compositional and relatedness-based semantic transparency measures, also differentiated by constituents. The measures are obtained from a computational and fully implemented semantic model based on distributional semantics. We validate the measures using data from four behavioral experiments Explicit transparency ratings, two different lexical decision tasks using different nonwords, and an eye-tracking study. We demonstrate that different semantic effects emerge in different behavioral tasks, which can only be captured using a multi-dimensional approach to semantic transparency. We further provide the semantic transparency measures derived from the model for a dataset of 40,475 additional German compounds, as well as for 2061 novel German compounds.Imageability and emotionality ratings for 2592 German nouns (3-10 letters, one to three phonological syllables) were obtained from younger adults (21-31 years) and older adults (70-86 years). Valid ratings were obtained on average from 20 younger and 23 older adults per word for imageability, and from 18 younger and 19 older adults per word for emotionality. The internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) and retest rank-order stability of the ratings were high for both age groups (α and r ≥ .97). Also, the validity of our ratings was found to be high, as compared to previously published ratings (r ≥ .86). The ratings showed substantial rank-order stability across younger and older adults (imageability, r = .94; emotionality, r = .85). At the same time, systematic differences between age groups were found in the mean levels of ratings (imageability, d = 0.38; emotionality, d = 0.20) and in the extent to which the rating scales were used (imageability, SD = 24 vs. 19, scale of 0 to 100; emotionality, SD = 26 vs. 31, scale of -100 to 100). At the descriptive level, our data hint at systematically different evaluations of semantic categories regarding imageability and emotionality across younger and older adults. Given that imageability and emotionality have been reported, for instance, as important determinants for the recognition and recall of words, our findings highlight the importance of considering age-specific information in age-comparative cognitive (neuroscience) experimental studies using word materials. The age-specific imageability and emotionality ratings for the 2592 German nouns can be found in the electronic supplementary material 1.Classical molecular simulation methods were used for a description of an arrangement of intercalated molecules N-(pyridin-4-yl)pyridin-4-amine (AH) and its derivatives, 3-methyl-N-(pyridin-4-yl)pyridin-4-amine (AMe), and 3-nitro-N-(pyridin-4-yl)pyridin-4-amine (ANO2) within a layered structure of zirconium 4-sulfophenylphosphonate. The intercalated molecules were placed between SO3H groups of the host layers. Their mutual positions and orientations were solved by molecular simulation methods and compared with the presented experimental results. Final calculated data showed differences of partially disordered arrangement of the intercalated molecules between zirconium 4-sulfophenylphosphonate layers. The calculation results revealed a dense net of hydrogen bonds connecting water molecules and the guests in the interlayer space and the sulfo groups of the host layers. We calculated the dipole moments of the AH, AMe and ANO2 guests in the final models in order to illustrate potential use of these materials in non-linear optics.The pKa is the standard measure used to describe the aqueous proton affinity of a compound, indicating the proton concentration (pH) at which two protonation states (e.g. A- and AH) have equal free energy. However, compounds can have additional protonation states (e.g. AH2+), and may assume multiple tautomeric forms, with the protons in different positions (microstates). Macroscopic pKas give the pH where the molecule changes its total number of protons, while microscopic pKas identify the tautomeric states involved. As tautomers have the same number of protons, the free energy difference between them and their relative probability is pH independent so there is no pKa connecting them. The question arises What is the best way to describe protonation equilibria of a complex molecule in any pH range? Knowing the number of protons and the relative free energy of all microstates at a single pH, ∆G°, provides all the information needed to determine the free energy, and thus the probability of each microstate at each pH. Microstate probabilities as a function of pH generate titration curves that highlight the low energy, observable microstates, which can then be compared with experiment. A network description connecting microstates as nodes makes it straightforward to test thermodynamic consistency of microstate free energies. The utility of this analysis is illustrated by a description of one molecule from the SAMPL6 Blind pKa Prediction Challenge. Analysis of microstate ∆G°s also makes a more compact way to archive and compare the pH dependent behavior of compounds with multiple protonatable sites.Although there is accumulating evidence for the usefulness of imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), there are few studies for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and the impact of the frequency of use has not been well addressed. From the Kumamoto Intervention Conference Study; a Japanese registry comprising 17 institutions, consecutive patients undergoing successful PCI from April 2008 through March 2014 were enrolled. Subjects were divided into two groups imaging-guided PCI and angiography-guided PCI. Clinical outcome was a composite of cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and stent thrombosis within 1 year. A total of 6025 ACS patients were enrolled 3613 and 2412 patients with imaging- and angiography-guided PCI, respectively. Adverse cardiac events were significantly lower in the imaging-guided PCI group (long-rank P  less then  0.001). Even after propensity-score matching, the event rates still showed significant differences between the two groups (log-rank P = 0.004). To assess the effects of frequency of imaging usage, we divided the 17 institutions into six low-, six moderate-, and five high-frequency groups. The event rates decreased depending on the frequency, seemingly driven by stepwise event suppression in angiography-guided PCI. In Japanese ACS patients, the incidence of adverse clinical events in patients treated with imaging-guided PCI were significantly lower than that in patients with angiography-guided PCI. Better clinical result was found in the institutions using intravascular imaging more frequently. University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN)-CTR (http//www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/). Identifier KICS (UMIN000015397).The technical outcome of poor distal vessel quality (PDV) on chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is yet to be clearly elucidated. PDV has not been evaluated in scoring systems. We examined 193 consecutive CTO-PCIs performed in January 2013-December 2017. The endpoint, including the technical outcomes in these patients between with and without PDV, was analyzed. Moreover, we re-evaluated the predictors for CTO-PCI difficulty according to Japan-CTO score. Out of 193 CTO-PCIs, 181 (93.8%) achieved technical success [including 101 (55.8%) with and 80 (44.2%) without PDV]. In patients with and without PDV, the success rates of guidewire crossing using only the antegrade technique were 46.5% vs. 83.8%, respectively (p  less then  0.0001) and using the retrograde approach were 53.5% vs. 16.3%, respectively (p  less then  0.0001). Moreover, there were 56 non-interventional collateral channels in 181 patients. The successful rate of primary antegrade approach was significantly lower and the rate of a rescue retrograde approach was significantly higher with PDV (37.2% vs. 62.8%, 76.9% vs. 23.1%, respectively; p  less then  0.0119). Significant predictors associated with successful guidewire crossings of ≤ 30 min included blunt stump, calcification, bending, occlusion length ≥ 20 mm, retry lesion following Japan-CTO score, and PDV (p  less then  0.05, all). Multivariate analyses demonstrated that blunt stump, calcification, bending, retry lesion, and PDV were independent predictors of unsuccessful guidewire crossing of ≤ 30 min (odds ratio [OR] 0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13-0.71, p = 0.0039; OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.16-0.71, p = 0.0035; OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.05-0.60, p = 0.0034; OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.06-0.54, p = 0.0008; and OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.09-0.41, p  less then  0.0001, respectively). PDV could affect the technical outcome of CTO-PCI.Toxicity to fish of multicomponent metal mixtures at maximum-permissible-concentrations (MPC Cd-0.005, Cr-0.01, Cu-0.01, Ni-0.01, Pb-0.005 and Zn-0.1 mg/L) set for EU inland waters was evaluated using the whole-mixture approach. An extended follow-up study on the biological effects of multicomponent metal mixtures on three ecologically different fish species, i.e. Perca fluviatilis, Rutilus rutilus, and Salmo salar is reported. The aim of this study was to assess response patterns of biomarkers (erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENAs), metal accumulation and metallothioneins) in tissues of fish species after 14-day treatment with multicomponent metal mixtures at MPC and metal mixtures with one of its components at reduced MPC (↓). After treatments with Cu↓ and Cr↓, the lowest amount of Ni was found in all tissues (except the liver) of all fish species tested. After Zn↓ and Pb↓ treatments, the amount of Ni in muscle of all the tested fish species significantly decreased. The highest amounts of Cr in gills and Pb in muscle were detected in all fish species after treatments with Ni↓ and Cd↓ mixtures, respectively. R. rutilus accumulated significantly larger amounts of metals than P. fluviatilis and S. salar. The data obtained show that tissues of the omnivorous R. rutilus exposed to metal mixtures accumulated higher amounts of Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn, while tissues of carnivorous S. salar and P. fluviatilis higher amounts of Cd and Pb. The analysis of ENAs revealed concentration-dependent responses, indicating Cu↓ and Cr↓ treatments as causes of higher geno- and cytotoxicity levels.