3 and 0.8 and a rho between 0.8 and -0.8. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed an eta

of 0.13 and a p value of 0.0002 for the effect of ethnicity on MSS and an eta

of 0.009 and a p value of 0.68 for the effect of ethnicity on the RMT ratio.

CS laparotomy scars heal differently between ethnical groups, but generally with satisfying results. Ethnicity does not affect myometrial healing and scar appearance does not reflect myometrial healing after CS. Thus, separate uterine sonographic assessment is recommended.

CS laparotomy scars heal differently between ethnical groups, but generally with satisfying results. Ethnicity does not affect myometrial healing and scar appearance does not reflect myometrial healing after CS. Thus, separate uterine sonographic assessment is recommended.

To evaluate COX-2 and Nrf2/GPx3 expressions in the lamina propria of the anterior vaginal wall tissues of women with and without pelvic organ prolapse (POP).

Tissue samples of anterior vaginal wall were examined using HE staining, immuohistochemical staining and Western blot for the expressions of COX-2/PGE2, Nrf2/GPx3, MMP2, TIMP1, collagen I and collagen III (n = 35, per group).

Compared with control group, collagen fibers of the anterior vaginal wall were disorganized and discontinuous. Expressions of Nrf2, GPx3, TIMP1, collagen I and collagen III were found significantly lower in POP group (P < 0.05); while, expressions of COX-2, PGE2, and MMP2 were found significantly higher in POP group (P < 0.05). Statistically significant correlations of COX-2 and Nrf2/GPx3 were showed (P < 0.01).

We found that the interaction between inflammation and oxidative stress was closely related to the development of POP. This study demonstrates that COX-2 and Nrf2 pathways may be involved in pathogenesis of POP, as promising potential therapeutic targets and agents.

We found that the interaction between inflammation and oxidative stress was closely related to the development of POP. This study demonstrates that COX-2 and Nrf2 pathways may be involved in pathogenesis of POP, as promising potential therapeutic targets and agents.

To compare the image quality between the vendor-agnostic and vendor-specific algorithms on ultralow-dose chest CT.

Vendor-agnostic deep learning post-processing model (DLM), vendor-specific deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR, high level), and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASiR, 70%) algorithms were employed. One hundred consecutive ultralow-dose noncontrast CT scans (CTDI

; mean, 0.33 ± 0.056 mGy) were reconstructed with five algorithms DLM-stnd (standard kernel), DLM-shrp (sharp kernel), DLIR, ASiR-stnd, and ASiR-shrp. Three thoracic radiologists blinded to the reconstruction algorithms reviewed five sets of 100 images and assessed subjective noise, spatial resolution, distortion artifact, and overall image quality. They selected the most preferred algorithm among five image sets for each case. Image noise and signal-to-noise ratio were measured. Edge-rise-distance was measured at a pulmonary vessel, i.e., the distance between two points where attenuation was 10% and 90% of maximaattenuation compared to a vendor-agnostic algorithm.In the process of diagnosis and disease monitoring, it is important to quickly and easily detect protein biomarkers. The strategy reported here is an attempt to prepare Bi2MoO6 nanomaterial with new three-dimensional holes morphology surrounded by rod and sheet to construct a simple and sensitive sensing platform, where Bi2MoO6/ionic liquid (IL) composite was modified on the carbon paste electrode (CPE). In order to monitor the assembly process of human IgG immunosensors, a plurality of electrochemical tests such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was executed. The obtained BSA/anti-IgG/GA/Bi2MoO6/IL-CPE displayed prominent conductivity and high sensitivity in detecting human immunoglobulin G (human IgG). Under the optimal experimental conditions, the results by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) showed that the constructed label-free IgG immunosensor can detect IgG in the range of 0.01 to 1000 ng mL-1, and limit of detection (LOD) was 4 pg mL-1. The immunosensor displayed good performances including selectivity, reproducibility, and stability. Based on preliminary experiments, Bi2MoO6 and its composite materials are very promising for the construction of a variety biosensors for the analysis of other biological substances. Graphical abstract.During the last years, microplastics in the environment came to the fore in environmental science research. For an appropriate risk assessment, it is essential to know the levels of microplastic contamination in the environment. In the field of microplastic detection, extensive research has been carried out in recent years. While common methods such as Raman spectroscopy and pyrolysis GC-MS are time-consuming and require trained staff and expensive equipment, there is the need for a cheap and easily applicable method. Staining microplastics with the fluorescent dye Nile red (NR) has a high potential to fulfill these criteria. In our work, we tested Nile red and newly developed derivatives, with the aim of achieving greater selectivity for plastic particles and more intense fluorescence. In addition, the influence of using different solvents and water at different pH values in the dyeing process was investigated by analyzing solid sample fluorescence spectra of dyed microplastics and natural particles. Finally, the method developed from the acquired knowledge was tested for sea salt. Graphical abstract.

To evaluate PET/MR lung nodule detection compared to PET/CT or CT, to determine growth of nodules missed by PET/MR, and to investigate the impact of missed noduleson clinical management in primary abdominal malignancies.

This retrospective IRB-approved study included [18F]-FDGPET/MR in 126 patients. All had standard of care chest imaging (SCI) with diagnostic chest CT or PET/CT within 6weeks of PET/MR that served as standard of reference. Two radiologists assessed lung nodules (size, location, consistency, position, and [18F]-FDGavidity) on SCI and PET/MR. A side-by-side analysis of nodules on SCI and PET/MR was performed. The nodules missed on PET/MR were assessed on follow-up SCI to ascertain their growth (≥ 2mm); their impact on management was alsoinvestigated.

A total of 505 nodules (mean 4mm, range 1-23mm) were detected by SCI in 89/126 patients (66M60F, mean age 60years). PET/MR detected 61 nodules for a sensitivity of 28.1% for patient and 12.1% for nodule, with higher sensitivity for > 7 mm nssible different implications in patients without extra-thoracic spread.

The aim of this study was to explore the role of [

Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), compared with

F-fluorodeoxyglucose [

F]-FDG PET/CT, for evaluating peritoneal carcinomatosis in patients with various types of cancer.

Patients with suspected peritoneal malignancy, who underwent both [

F]-FDG and [

Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT between October 2019 and August 2020, were retrospectively analysed. The radiotracer uptake, peritoneal cancer index (PCI) score, and diagnostic performance of [

F]-FDG and [

Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT were evaluated and compared.

Our cohort consisted of 46 patients, including 16 patients with diffuse-type peritoneal carcinomatosis, 27 with nodular-type peritoneal carcinomatosis, and 3 true-negative patients. A significant difference in standard uptake values (SUV) of lesions between [

F]-FDG and [

Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT examination was observed (median SUV 3.48 vs. 9.82; P < 0.001), particularly in peritoneal carcinomatosishermore, the uptake of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 in peritoneal carcinomatosis was significantly higher than that of [18F]-FDG, demonstrating a larger extent of the lesions and yielding a higher PCI score. This could help enhance the image contrast, improve physicians’ diagnostic confidence, and reduce the proportion of missed diagnoses.

Standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr) used to quantify amyloid-β burden from amyloid-PET scans can be biased by variations in the tracer’s nonspecific (NS) binding caused by the presence of cerebrovascular disease (CeVD). In this work, we propose a novel amyloid-PET quantification approach that harnesses the intermodal image translation capability of convolutional networks to remove this undesirable source of variability.

Paired MR and PET images exhibiting very low specific uptake were selected from a Singaporean amyloid-PET study involving 172 participants with different severities of CeVD. Two convolutional neural networks (CNN), ScaleNet and HighRes3DNet, and one conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) were trained to map structural MR to NS PET images. NS estimates generated for all subjects using the most promising network were then subtracted from SUVr images to determine specific amyloid load only (SAβ

). Associations of SAβ

with various cognitive and functional test scores were then computed and compared to results using conventional SUVr.

Multimodal ScaleNet outperformed other networks in predicting the NS content in cortical gray matter with a mean relative error below 2%. Compared to SUVr, SAβ

showed increased association with cognitive and functional test scores by up to 67%.

Removing the undesirable NS uptake from the amyloid load measurement is possible using deep learning and substantially improves its accuracy. This novel analysis approach opens a new window of opportunity for improved data modeling in Alzheimer’s disease and for other neurodegenerative diseases that utilize PET imaging.

Removing the undesirable NS uptake from the amyloid load measurement is possible using deep learning and substantially improves its accuracy. This novel analysis approach opens a new window of opportunity for improved data modeling in Alzheimer’s disease and for other neurodegenerative diseases that utilize PET imaging.Digestion of dietary protein in teleosts results in high ammonia levels within the intestinal chyme that may reach concentrations that are many-fold greater than blood plasma levels. We used in vitro gut sac preparations of the ammoniotelic rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to investigate the role of the intestine in producing and transporting ammonia and urea, with specific focus on feeding versus fasting, and on responses to loading of the lumen with 2 mmol L-1 glutamine or 2 mmol L-1 ammonia. Feeding increased not only ammonia production and both mucosal and serosal fluxes, but also increased urea production and serosal fluxes. Elevated urea production was accompanied by an increase in arginase activity but minimal CPS III activity, suggesting that urea may be produced by direct arginolysis. The ammonia production and serosal fluxes increased in fasted preparations with glutamine loading, indicating an ability of the intestinal tissue to deaminate glutamine and perhaps use it as an energy source. However, there was little evidence of urea production or transport resulting from the presence of glutamine. Furthermore, the intestinal tissues did not appear to convert surplus ammonia to urea as a detoxification mechanism, as urea production and serosal flux rates decreased in fed preparations, with minimal changes in fasted preparations. Nevertheless, there was indirect evidence of detoxification by another pathway, as ammonia production rate decreased with ammonia loading in fed preparations. Overall, our study suggests that intestinal tissues of rainbow trout have the ability to produce urea and detoxify ammonia, likely via arginolysis.