. All authors contributed to the development of the publication and maintained control over the final content. Ehrenberg and McDonald are employees of IQVIA, which received funding from AbbVie to participate in this research. Griffith and Theigs are employed by AbbVie and may own stock or stock options in AbbVie.BACKGROUND Brexanolone injection (BRX) was approved by the FDA in 2019 for the treatment of adult patients with postpartum depression (PPD), but its cost-effectiveness has not yet been evaluated. OBJECTIVE To estimate the cost-effectiveness of BRX compared with treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for PPD. METHODS We projected costs (2018 U.S. dollars) and health (quality-adjusted life-years [QALYs]) for mothers treated with BRX or SSRIs and their children. A health state transition model projected clinical and economic outcomes for mothers based on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, from a U.S. payer perspective. The modeled population consisted of adult patients with moderate to severe PPD, similar to BRX clinical trial patients. Short-term efficacy for BRX and SSRIs came from an indirect treatment comparison. Long-term efficacy outcomes over 4 weeks, 11 years (base case), and 18 years were based on results from an 18-year longitudinal study. Maternal health utility values cherapeutics, Cambridge, MA. Eldar-Lissai, Gerbasi, and Hodgkins are employees of Sage Therapeutics and own stock or stock options in the company. Gerbasi also reports previous employment with Policy Analysis Inc. Cohen contributed to this work as an independent consultant. Meltzer-Brody has a sponsored clinical research agreement with Sage Therapeutics to the University of North Carolina, as well as a sponsored research agreement from Janssen to the University of North Carolina, unrelated to this work. Meltzer-Brody has also received personal consulting fees from Cala Health and MedScape, unrelated to this work. Johnson, Chertavian, and Bond are employees of Medicus Economics, which was paid fees by Sage to conduct the research for this study. Study findings do not necessarily represent the views of CEVR or Tufts Medical Center.Background The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of hospitalisation in young Inuit children. Prophylaxis with palivizumab is routinely recommended for premature infants and those with severe pulmonary or cardiac diseases. In the fall 2016, the Quebec Ministry of Health expanded the criteria to include healthy full-term (HFT) newborns from Nunavik based on their high RSV hospitalisation rates.Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the impact of this programme on Nunavik health services during the first RSV season after its implementation (2016-2017) by studying challenges, concerns and needs of healthcare workers (HCWs).Methods An ethnographic approach was used. Semi-structured interviews focusing on HCWs experiences, and opinions to improve the new programme were conducted with 20 HCWs involved in its implementation.Results Main reported challenges and concerns were additional work(over)load, lack of information and evidence about the need and efficacy of palivizumab in HFT newborns, communication issues between stakeholders, and ethical issues regarding the Inuit population.Conclusion The study revealed significant feasibility and acceptability issues. The programme was highly resource consuming. To address HCWs’ concerns, evidence-based data regarding palivizumab effectiveness in HFT infants, as well as consultation and involvement of Inuit population are warranted.Background Coronavirus disease has widely spread all over the world since the beginning of 2020. It is desirable to develop automatic and accurate detection of COVID-19 using chest CT. Purpose To develop a fully automatic framework to detect COVID-19 using chest CT and evaluate its performances. Materials and Methods In this retrospective and multi-center study, a deep learning model, COVID-19 detection neural network (COVNet), was developed to extract visual features from volumetric chest CT exams for the detection of COVID-19. Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and other non-pneumonia CT exams were included to test the robustness of the model. The datasets were collected from 6 hospitals between August 2016 and February 2020. Diagnostic performance was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity. Results The collected dataset consisted of 4356 chest CT exams from 3,322 patients. The average age is 49±15 years and there were slightly more male patients than female (1838 vs 1484; p-value=0.29). The per-exam sensitivity and specificity for detecting COVID-19 in the independent test set was 114 of 127 (90% [95% CI 83%, 94%]) and 294 of 307 (96% [95% CI 93%, 98%]), respectively, with an AUC of 0.96 (p-value less then 0.001). The per-exam sensitivity and specificity for detecting CAP in the independent test set was 87% (152 of 175) and 92% (239 of 259), respectively, with an AUC of 0.95 (95% CI 0.93, 0.97). Conclusions A deep learning model can accurately detect COVID-19 and differentiate it from community acquired pneumonia and other lung diseases.Background CT may play a central role in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 pneumonia. Purpose To perform a longitudinal study to analyze the serial CT findings over time in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Materials and Methods During January 16 to February 17, 2020, 90 patients (malefemale, 3357; mean age, 45 years) with COVID-19 pneumonia were prospectively enrolled and followed up until they were discharged or died, or until the end of the study. A total of 366 CT scans were acquired and reviewed by 2 groups of radiologists for the patterns and distribution of lung abnormalities, total CT scores and number of zones involved. Those features were analyzed for temporal change. Results CT scores and number of zones involved progressed rapidly, peaked during illness days 6-11 (median 5 and 5), and followed by persistence of high levels. The predominant pattern of abnormalities after symptom onset was ground-glass opacity (35/78 [45%] to 49/79 [62%] in different periods). The percentage of mixed pattern peaked (30/78 [38%]) on illness days 12-17, and became the second most predominant pattern thereafter. Pure ground-glass opacity was the most prevalent sub-type of ground-glass opacity after symptom onset (20/50 [40%] to 20/28 [71%]). The percentage of ground-glass opacity with irregular linear opacity peaked on illness days 6-11 (14/50 [28%)]) and became the second most prevalent subtype thereafter. The distribution of lesions was predominantly bilateral and subpleural. 66/70 (94%) patients discharged had residual disease on final CT scans (median CT scores and zones involved 4 and 4), with ground-glass opacity (42/70 [60%]) and pure ground-glass opacity (31/42 [74%]) the most common pattern and subtype. Conclusion The extent of lung abnormalities on CT peaked during illness days 6-11. The temporal changes of the diverse CT manifestations followed a specific pattern, which might indicate the progression and recovery of the illness.The present study aimed to determine the effect of taking antioxidant vitamins including vitamins E and C in reducing oxidative stress levels and improving blood parameters. This double-blind randomized controlled trial study was conducted among the employees working in different parts of a power plant in Semnan, Iran, in 2017. A total of 91 employees were randomly allocated to four groups including vitamin E (400 units per day), vitamin C (1000 mg per day), vitamin E + C for 90 days, and control. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (Cat), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in plasma, and hematological parameters were measured in the participants before and after the intervention. A significant increase was seen in the mean level of SOD, Cat, and TAC in the vitamin-treated groups as well as a significant decrease in mean MOD in vitamin C and vitamin E groups after the intervention. In the intervention groups, the number of red blood cells, hematocrit, and the level of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and MCH concentration significantly increased. After the intervention, the mean levels of MDA, SOD, and Cat in vitamin E group were significantly lower than the control group. The mean level of TAC decreased only in the vitamin C group compared to the control group. Taking vitamins E and C as nonenzymatic scavengers of free radicals appears to decrease lipid peroxidation and increase the level of antioxidant enzymes, which can be imbalanced by exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields in power plant employees. Furthermore, some hematological parameters can be improved by consuming these vitamins.PURPOSE This is the first report of the development and performance of a platform that interrogates small non-coding RNAs (sncRNA) isolated from urinary exosomes (the miR Sentinel™ Tests) the Sentinel™ PCa Test, that classifies patients with prostate cancer from subjects with no evidence of prostate cancer, the miR Sentinel™ CS Test, that stratifies prostate cancer patients between those with low risk prostate cancer (GG1) from those with intermediate and high risk disease (GG2-5), and the miR Sentinel™ HG Test, that stratifies prostate cancer patients between those with low- and favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer (GG1 or GG2) versus those with high risk (GG3-5) disease. METHOD sncRNAs were extracted from urinary exosomes of 235 participants and interrogated on miR 4.0 microarrays. Using proprietary Selection and Classification Algorithms, informative sncRNAs were selected to customize an interrogation OpenArray™ platform that forms the basis of the Tests. The Tests were validated using a case-control sample of 1436 subjects. RESULTS The performance of the miR Sentinel™ PCa Test demonstrated sensitivity = 94% and specificity = 92%. The Sentinel™ CS Test demonstrated a sensitivity = 93% and specificity = 90% for prediction of the presence of GG≥2 cancer, and the Sentinel™ HG Test demonstrated a sensitivity = 94% and specificity = 96% for the prediction of the presence of GG≥3 cancer. CONCLUSIONS The Sentinel™ PCa, CS and HG Tests, demonstrated high levels of sensitivity and specificity, highlighting the utility of interrogation of urinary exosomal sncRNAs for non-invasively diagnosing and classifying prostate cancer with high precision.PURPOSE Men with germline mutations in DNA-repair genes have a higher risk of developing prostate cancer. Active surveillance (AS) is the preferred treatment modality for low-risk prostate cancer. However, many fear to offer this alternative to men with germline mutations. We now describe the short-term oncologic outcomes of active surveillance in a population of men with a high genetic predisposition for developing prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective cohort of men with germline DNA-repair genes mutations that were diagnosed with grade group 1 prostate cancer. All men were offered AS. Follow-up consisted of PSA every three months, MP-MRI, and an MRI-US fusion confirmatory biopsy within one year of diagnosis. The primary endpoints included treatment- and progression-free survival. RESULTS Eighteen carriers of DNA repair genes were diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer (BRCA1-8, BRCA2-6, CHEK2-2, Lynch syndrome-2). Of these, 15 patients (83%) initiated AS, and 3 (17%) declined. All but one, were fully compliant with AS protocol (93%).