Our findings suggest a potent application of P-MSCs in pre-clinical/Ob-T2D management.Babesia parasite invades exclusively red blood cell (RBC) in mammalian host and induces alterations to host cell for survival. Despite the importance of Babesia in livestock industry and emerging cases in humans, their basic biology is hampered by lack of suitable biological tools. In this study, we aimed to develop a synchronization method for Babesia bovis which causes the most pathogenic form of bovine babesiosis. Initially, we used compound 2 (C2), a specific inhibitor of cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), and a derivative of C2, ML10. While both inhibitors were able to prevent B. bovis egress from RBC and increased percentage of binary forms, removal of inhibitors from culture did not result in a synchronized egress of parasites. Because using PKG inhibitors alone was not efficient to induce a synchronized culture, we isolated viable and invasive B. bovis merozoites and showed dynamics of merozoite invasion and development in RBCs. Using isolated merozoites we showed that BbVEAP, VESA1-export associated protein, is essential for parasite development in the RBC while has no significant role in invasion. Given the importance of invasion for the establishment of infection, this study paves the way for finding novel antigens to be used in control strategies against bovine babesiosis.Rare oceanic diamonds are believed to have a mantle transition zone origin like super-deep continental diamonds. However, oceanic diamonds have a homogeneous and organic-like light carbon isotope signature (δ13C – 28 to – 20‰) instead of the extremely variable organic to lithospheric mantle signature of super-deep continental diamonds (δ13C – 25‰ to + 3.5‰). Here, we show that with rare exceptions, oceanic diamonds and the isotopically lighter cores of super-deep continental diamonds share a common organic δ13C composition reflecting carbon brought down to the transition zone by subduction, whereas the rims of such super-deep continental diamonds have the same δ13C as peridotitic diamonds from the lithospheric mantle. Like lithospheric continental diamonds, almost all the known occurrences of oceanic diamonds are linked to plume-induced large igneous provinces or ocean islands, suggesting a common connection to mantle plumes. We argue that mantle plumes bring the transition zone diamonds to shallower levels, where only those emplaced at the base of the continental lithosphere might grow rims with lithospheric mantle carbon isotope signatures.Quantification of long term changes in cloud distribution and properties is critical for the proper assessment of future climate. We show contrasting trends in cloud properties and cloud radiative effects over Northwest Indian Ocean (NWIO) in south Asian summer monsoon. Cloud top height (CTH) decreases in June (- 69 ± 3 myr-1) and July (- 44 ± 3 myr-1), whereas it increases in August (106 ± 2 myr-1) and September (37 ± 1 myr-1). These contrasting trends are investigated to be due to the changes in upper tropospheric winds and atmospheric circulation pattern. Strengthening of upper tropospheric easterlies and changes in vertical wind dampen the vertical development of clouds in June and July. In contrast, weakening of upper tropospheric winds over NWIO and strengthening of updraft favour the vertical growth of clouds in August. Further, changes in horizontal winds at 450-350 hPa and strengthening of Indian Ocean Walker cell favour the westward spread of high level clouds, contributing to the increase in CTH over NWIO in August. Decrease of cloud cover and altitude in June and July and increase of the same in subsequent months would affect the monsoon rainfall over the Indian region. Proper representation of these intra-seasonal contrasting trends of clouds in climate models is important for the better prediction of regional weather.The study aims to explore the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and association rules of eye diseases in these patients. Data were obtained from 1284 DM patients at Henan Provincial People’s Hospital. Association rules were employed to calculate the probability of the common occurrence of eye-related diseases in DM patients. A web visualization network diagram was used to display the association rules of the eye-related diseases in DM patients. DR prevalence in people aged less then  40 years (≥ 58.5%) was higher than that in those aged 50-60 years (≤ 43.7%). Patients with DM in rural areas were more likely to have DR than those in urban areas (56.2% vs. 35.6%, P  less then  0.001). DR prevalence in Pingdingshan City (68.4%) was significantly higher than in other cities. The prevalence of DR in patients who had DM for ≥ 5 years was higher than in other groups (P  less then  0.001). About 33.07% of DM patients had both diabetic maculopathy and DR, and 36.02% had both diabetic maculopathy and cataracts. The number of strong rules in patients ≥ 60 years old was more than those in people under 60 in age, and those in rural areas had more strong rules than those in urban areas. DM patients with one or more eye diseases are at higher risks of other eye diseases than general DM patients. These association rules are affected by factors such as age, region, disease duration, and DR severity.In recent years, considerable attention has been paid in time-frequency analysis (TFA) methods, which is an effective technology in processing the vibration signal of rotating machinery. However, TFA techniques are not sufficient to handle signals having a strong non-stationary characteristic. To overcome this drawback, taking short-time Fourier transform as a link, a TFA methods that using the generalized Warblet transform (GWT) in combination with the second order synchroextracting transform (SSET) is proposed in this study. Firstly, based on the GWT and SSET theories, this paper proposes a method combining the two TFA methods to improve the TFA concentration, named GWT-SSET. Secondly, the method is verified numerically with single-component and multi-component signals, respectively. Quantized indicators, Rényi entropy and mean relative error (MRE) are used to analyze the concentration of TFA and accuracy of instantly frequency (IF) estimation, respectively. Finally, the proposed method is applied to analyze nonstationary signals in variable speed. The numerical and experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the GWT-SSET method.The association between weather-related variables or seasons and the development of Bell’s palsy (BP) is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and clinical characteristics of BP and assess the effects of meteorological factors on seasonal and monthly incidence. This retrospective population-based study used data from the Korean Health Insurance claims database (NHICD) from 2010 to 2018, in which annual, seasonal, and monthly incidence rates and age and sex distributions were calculated. A multivariate linear regression and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was used to determine the association between the seasonal and monthly incidence of BP and meteorological factors, including average wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure. We also conducted a scoping review of the literature on epidemiological and seasonality studies of BP in the past 30 years and summarized them in a table for easy comparison with other studies. In this study, the incicidence rate. In the past 30 years, 12 studies have reported on the prevalence or incidence of BP, and 14 have reported on the relationship between seasons, weather, and incidence. These results indicate that BP is more common among the elderly, and the incidence of BP is increasing due to an aging society, increased medical accessibility, and lifestyle changes. The data also indicate that the onset of BP is associated with low temperature and humidity; however, in the climate zone with extreme temperature and humidity differences between the coldest and hottest months, it is assumed that the marked decrease in temperature (autumn) has more influence on the outbreak of BP than does the actual cold temperature (winter).The aim of this study is to establish prediction models for the non-destructive evaluation of the carbonization characteristics of lignin-derived hydrochars as a carbon material in real time. Hydrochars are produced via the hydrothermal carbonization of kraft lignins for 1-5 h in the temperature range of 175-250 °C, and as the reaction severity of hydrothermal carbonization increases, the hydrochar is converted to a more carbon-intensive structure. Principal component analysis using near-infrared spectra suggests that the spectral regions at 2132 and 2267 nm assigned to lignins and 1449 nm assigned to phenolic groups of lignins are informative bands that indicate the carbonization degree. Partial least squares regression models trained with near-infrared spectra accurately predicts the carbon content, oxygen/carbon, and hydrogen/carbon ratios with high coefficients of determination and low root mean square errors. The established models demonstrate better prediction than ordinary least squares regression models.This study evaluates the ability of moderately halophilic bacterial isolates (Serratia sp., Bacillus sp., Morganella sp., Citrobacter freundii and Lysinibacillus sp.) to treat polluted wastewater in the presence of nZnO and nTiO2 nanoparticles. In this study, bacteria isolates were able to take up nZnO and nTiO2 at concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 mg/L in the presence of higher DO uptake at up to 100% and 99%, respectively, while higher concentrations triggered a significant decrease. Individual halophilic bacteria exhibited a low COD removal efficiency in the presence of both metal oxide nanoparticles concentration ranged between 1 and 10 mg/L. At higher concentrations, they triggered COD release of up to - 60% concentration. Lastly, the test isolates also demonstrated significant nutrient removal efficiency in the following ranges 23-65% for NO3- and 28-78% for PO43-. This study suggests that moderately halophilic bacteria are good candidates for the bioremediation of highly polluted wastewater containing low metal oxide nanoparticles.Monitoring the biodiversity of key habitats and understanding the drivers across spatial scales is essential for preserving ecosystem functions and associated services. Coralligenous reefs are threatened marine biodiversity hotspots that are challenging to monitor. As fish sounds reflect biodiversity in other habitats, we unveiled the biogeography of coralligenous reef sounds across the north-western Mediterranean using data from 27 sites covering 2000 km and 3 regions over a 3-year period. We assessed how acoustic biodiversity is related to habitat parameters and environmental status. We identified 28 putative fish sound types, which is up to four times as many as recorded in other Mediterranean habitats. 40% of these sounds are not found in other coastal habitats, thus strongly related to coralligenous reefs. Acoustic diversity differed between geographical regions. Ubiquitous sound types were identified, including sounds from top-predator species and others that were more specifically related to the presence of ecosystem engineers (red coral, gorgonians), which are key players in maintaining habitat function.