However, vitamin B6 biomarker status did have a protective (RR = 0.62) but imprecise (95% CrI 0.39-1.14) effect estimate and folate intake had a notable association as well (RR = 0.85, 95% CrI 0.71-1.01). CONCLUSION There was a lack of precision due largely to the low number of studies. Further investigation is warranted, especially for folate and vitamin B6, which had consistent suggestive evidence of a protective effect for both dietary intake and biomarker status. A unique strength of this review is the use of Bayesian meta-analyses which allowed for robust estimation of between-study heterogeneity.PURPOSE The association between free sugars and nutrient intake is unclear in Japanese adults with relatively low free sugars intake. This cross-sectional study aimed to elucidate this relationship using data from the 2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan, and according to the current World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for the prevention of nutrient dilution [ less then  5% or  less then  10% of energy (%E)]. learn more METHODS Dietary intake of Japanese adults (aged ≥ 20 years; n = 16,652) was assessed using a 1-day weighed dietary record. Mean intakes for selected nutrients and food groups were compared among categories of free sugars intake (i.e.,  less then  2.5%E, 2.5 to  less then  5%E, 5 to  less then  10%E, and ≥ 10%E) by adjusting for sex, age, weight status, smoking status, habitual drinking, and occupation. RESULTS Free sugars intake was inversely associated with the intake of 16 of 24 micronutrients investigated. Compared to its lower categories of free sugars intake, significant reductions in intake were identified for almost all micronutrients at ≥ 10%E, whereas ten micronutrients were reduced at 5 to  less then  10%E. The intake of dietary fibre, sodium, potassium, calcium, and iron was lower at  less then  2.5%E than at 2.5 to  less then  5%E and/or 5 to  less then  10%E. Free sugars intake was also positively associated with sugars and jams, confectionaries, fruit and vegetable juices, and soft drinks and inversely with pulses and nuts and vegetables. CONCLUSIONS This study identified nutrient dilution among Japanese adults with higher free sugars intake and confirmed the significance of the WHO guidelines for preventing nutrient dilution in Japanese.BACKGROUND Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) seems to attenuate the overproduction of reactive species during and after exercises. Yet, no meta-analysis has summarized the magnitude of this effect. The objective of this study was to systematically review the effects of vitamin C supplementation on oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, damage, soreness, and the musculoskeletal functionality after a single bout of exercise. METHODS Major electronic databases were searched, from inception to September 2019, for placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of vitamin C supplementation on oxidative stress parameters, inflammation markers, muscle damage, muscle soreness, and muscle functionality after a single bout of exercise in healthy volunteers. Random-effects modelling was used to compare mean changes from pre- to postexercise in participants that were supplemented with vitamin C versus placebo. Data were reported as standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS A total of 18 RCTs, accounting for 313 participants (62% males, median age = 24 years) were included. Vitamin C supplementation reduced lipid peroxidation immediately (SMD = - 0.488; 95% CI = - 0.888 to - 0.088), 1 h (SMD = - 0.521; 95% CI = - 0.911 to - 0.131) and between 1 and 2 h (SMD = - 0.449; 95% CI = - 0.772 to - 0.126) following exercise. Exercise induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) response was attenuated 2 h (SMD = - 0.764; 95% CI = - 1.279 to - 0.248) and between 1 and 2 h (SMD = - 0.447; 95% CI = - 0.828 to - 0.065) after exercise. No effects of vitamin C supplementation were found on creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol levels, muscle soreness, and muscle strength. CONCLUSION Vitamin C supplementation attenuates the oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation) and inflammatory response (IL-6) to a single bout of exercise. REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42018094222).Soil is one of the most important factors in plant cultivation, and its content affects plant growth significantly. However, soil composition and characteristics vary depending on the environmental conditions in the area where the soil is located. In this study, urease and catalase enzyme activities in plant soils grown under different shade conditions were examined. The Prunus cerasifera, Tilia tomentosa, Gleditsia triacanthos, Euonymus japonica, and Betula pendula species were grown in five different light conditions during one vegetation period, and the urease and catalase enzyme activities and Ph, EC (mS.cm ̄1), CaCO3 (%), OM (%), P (ppm), and K (ppm) changes were examined within the scope of the study. As a result, it was found that characteristics other than Ph, which was the subject of the study, changed to a great extent depending on the plant species and light conditions; however, in the areas where different plant species were grown, the soil characters changed at different levels depending on the light. As a result of the study, the highest values in many characteristics were obtained under 45% and 65% light conditions.The aim of this study was isolation and characterization of heterotrophic bacteria capable of ammonium and nitrite removal at 15 °C (optimal temperature for growing rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss). Environmental isolates were grown in liquid media containing ammonium or nitrite, and best strains in terms of growth and ammonium or nitrite removal were identified via 16S rRNA sequencing. Dyadobacter sp. (no. 68) and Janthinobacterium sp. (no. 100) were selected for optimal adaptation to growth at 15 °C and best ammonium and nitrite removal (P  less then  0.05), respectively. A heterotrophic ammonium and nitrite removal (HAN) microbial complex, containing selected strains, was prepared and applied in a trout culture system. After 10 days, the effect of microbial HAN complex was investigated in terms of ammonium and nitrite removal, as well as stress and immune indices present in the plasma of cultivated trout. Compared to a standard cultivation setup, addition of the HAN complex had a clear beneficial effect on keeping the un-ionized ammonia and nitrite level below prescribed standards (P  less then  0.05). This resulted in reduction of stress and immune reactions of cultivated fish (P  less then  0.05), leading to an augmentation of final weight and survival. link2 Application of the selected microbial complex resulted in a significant improvement of the aquaculture ecosystem.PURPOSE This study aims to identify multiple ligament knee injury patterns that possess a high-risk of vascular lesion. METHODS We retrospectively compared torn ligament patterns and the presence of vascular lesions confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography angiography from 122 consecutive patients with diagnoses of multiple ligament knee injury made at the emergency department between January 2012 and December 2017. Patients were not eligible if they had an ipsilateral lower extremity lesion (dislocations or fractures at another level), initial evaluation at another hospital, or follow-up for less than 12 months. The primary outcomes were the comparison between the imaging findings of torn structures patterns and the presence of a vascular lesion. RESULTS We identified 48 eligible patients (50 knees) with multiligamentary knee lesions, of whom eight had popliteal artery damage, yielding an incidence of 16%. Our clinical examination detected six of these patients that were classified, according to the Schenck system, as KD-IIIL (6 knees) and KD-IIIM (2 knees). The odds of having a popliteal artery injury is 4.69 to 1 with a KD-IIIL injury that with any other type of injury on that classification (95% CI 0.960-22.98). CONCLUSIONS This data suggests that varus forces causing enough energy to produce a KD-IIIL lesion possess a higher popliteal artery injury risk, making recommendable a thorough examination of the vascular integrity when diagnosing a KD-IIIL lesion.Previous researches exploring associations between multiple myeloma (MM) and genetic polymorphisms showed controversial results. In this investigation, we aimed to make a meta-analysis to assess the association between MM risk and genetic polymorphisms. We searched for articles on genetic polymorphism and MM risk in Web of Science and PubMed databases from 1951 to August 2019. We computed the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) extracted from included articles. The meta-analysis showed no significant associations between MM risks and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (rs1800629/rs361525/rs1799724), interleukin (IL)-6 (rs1800795), multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) (rs1045642), Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) (rs1801131/rs1801133) polymorphisms. In summary, the study shows that the TNF-α (rs1800629/rs361525/rs1799724), IL-6 (rs1800795), MDR1 (rs1045642), and MTHFR (rs1801131/rs1801133) polymorphisms may not be associated with MM susceptibility. Thus, we do not need more expensive and useless studies to explore the associations between MM risks and these genetic polymorphisms.PURPOSE Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs), the most frequent pediatric brain tumors, include different entities harboring distinct histological and molecular features. A major limitation in the development of treatments for these tumors is the absence of reliable in vitro models that would allow a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that support their growth. Surgical excision is the primary treatment method and the extent of resection represents one of the strongest prognostic factors. pLGGs that cannot be completely resected are prone to recur and associated with relapses and extensive morbidities, thus remaining a major clinical challenge. METHODS We established a protocol to successfully derive primary patient-derived pLGG cells and to fully characterize them from a molecular point of view. RESULTS Primary patients-derived pLGG cells were extensively analyzed in order to confirm their reliability as cellular models. Specifically, we evaluated the growth rate, senescence, and molecular features, such as BRAF mutational status, methylation, and protein expression profile. CONCLUSION This study extensively describes pLGG primary cellular models in terms of isolation, culture method, and molecular characterization that can be used to investigate pLGG biology.Seagrass meadows are among the four most productive marine natural ecosystems in the world. Zostera japonica (Z. japonica) is the most widely distributed species of seagrass in China. Nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs) promote the release of ADP during heat stress, accelerating the rate-limiting step of Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). Although NEFs play an important role in abiotic stress tolerance of plants, NEFs in seagrass have not been studied. In this study, we cloned Fes1 from Z. japonica (ZjFes1) by rapid amplification of the cDNA ends using RACE, and full length ZjFes1 was 1171 bp. It contained an 81 bp 5′-terminal untranslated region (UTR), 109 bp 3′-UTR and 981 bp open reading frame (ORF). The ORF (ZjFes1) was predicted to encode a polypeptide of 326 amino acids with theoretical molecular weight (MW) of 36.10 kDa and pI of 5.22. ZjFes1 shared 89% amino acid identity with Fes1 from Zostera marina (Z. marina). The transcriptional levels of ZjFes1 increased significantly 1 h after heat treatment. link3 ZjFes1 was localized to the cytoplasm.