Present results are highly valuable for the development of a traditional herbal medicine using the miracle MOLs.Postchromatographic derivatization chambers for Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and its high-performance counterpart (HPTLC) are made of glass, which renders them fragile and – given their frequent use – eventually rather expensive. As a consequence, in daily lab routine, staining reagents are often kept in jars or beakers as cheap and available but unsatisfying equipment. This work describes the design and the manufacturing of shock-resistant and affordable dipping chambers from polypropylene (PP) by fused deposition modelling („3D printing”). The design is implemented as a customizable script. Three chamber designs are presented a chamber for typical HPTLC plates (20 × 10 cm) with a convenient closing/storing system which avoids awkward pouring and removal of staining reagents. Second, for synthesis purposes, a chamber for 10 × 10 cm plates with a spout to facilitate exchanging the staining reagent, as well as a very small chamber stabilized by a pedestal for reaction control on 2.5 × 7.5 cm plates, which limits the loss of costly staining reagent. Even though the chambers adsorbed some degraded staining reagent over time, no cross-contamination was observed. All customizable scripts (as CAD models) are made available through online repositories.A 3D-printed flow manifold dedicated to potentiometric simultaneous determination of potassium, sodium, calcium and chloride in water is presented. The method is based on application of miniature solid-contact ion selective electrodes with a special design obtained with the use of 3D printing. The electrodes offer many attractive advantages including short response time and miniaturization feasibility. The use of the proposed novel electrodes enables performance of rapid potentiometric measurements in flow-injection technique and registration of many injection peaks in a short time. One of the advantages of using a special 3D-printed flow vessel for potentiometric measurements was miniaturization of electrodes and the possibility of integrating several (from three up to six) ion selective electrodes in one module enabling realization of multi-component analyses in the same time. Thanks to that the volume of each solution and measurement time were significantly reduced during multi-component analysis. In order to find out if the proposed manifold works properly, three multi-component synthetic samples and four certified reference materials were analyzed. The presented study shows that the proposed 3D-printed flow manifold with solid-state ion-selective electrodes could be an effective tool in a modern multi-component analysis meeting the requirements of green analytical chemistry.Combining data from different analytical sources could be a way to improve the performances of chemometric models by extracting the relevant and complementary information for food authentication. In this study, several data fusion strategies including concatenation (low-level), multiblock and hierarchical models (mid-level), and majority vote (high-level) are applied to near- and mid-infrared (NIR and MIR) spectral data for the varietal discrimination of olive oils from six French cultivars by partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS1-DA). The performances of the data fusion models are compared to each other and to the results obtained with NIR or MIR data alone, with a choice of chemometric pre-treatments and either an arbitrarily fixed limit or a control chart decision rule. Concatenation and hierarchical PLS1-DA fail to improve the prediction results compared to individual models, whereas weighted multiblock PLS1-DA models with the control chart approach provide a more efficient differentiation for most, but not all, of the cultivars. The high-level models using a majority vote with the control chart decision rule benefit from the complementary results of the individual NIR and MIR models leading to more consistently improved results for all cultivars.With the increasing abuse of fentanyl and its derivatives, it is urgent to develop techniques that can rapidly detect these compounds in different types of matrices. In this work, we developed a miniature mass spectrometer-based method for the fast and on-site analysis of fentanyl compounds. Optimization of several direct sampling procedures such as paper capillary spray cartridge with a miniature mass spectrometry system enables sensitive analysis of multiple fentanyl compounds. This system was evaluated by analysis of fentanyl and its derivatives in several types of beverage, showing limits of detection (LODs) as low as 10 ppb. It has also been applied into analysis of fentanyl compounds on the surface of a dusty plastic bag, showing LODs of 1 ng/cm2. A precursor ion scan method was also developed for fast screening of multiple fentanyl compounds. This system has also been applied in the analysis of fentanyl in urine samples.Herein, cysteine capped AgInZnS QDs (Cys-AIZS QDs) with a large stoke shift and excellent biocompatibility were synthesized by a one-step aqueous method, followed by modified with 3-aminophenylboronic acid (APBA). Dopamine (DA) as an important neurotransmitter in brain can lead to significantly decrease in the fluorescence intensity of 3-aminophenylboronic acid-functionalized Cys-AIZS QDs (APBA-AIZS QDs) in a large concentration range of 1.5-900 μM. Good linearity can be obtained in the range of 15-120 μM, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.65 μM. Moreover, Cys-AIZS QDs and APBA-AIZS QDs were applied to living cells imaging, and Cys-AIZS QDs were applied to the co-localization with lysosomes, indicative of the feasibility of intracellular detection.The development of carbon sorbents with high specific surface areas remains a hot research field in analytical community. In the current study, a novel three-dimensional hierarchical flower-like magnesium glycollate sphere was synthesized. Then, the obtained magnesium glycollate sphere was carbonized to obtain magnesia-carbon composite material with enhanced performance. The flower-like carbon material exhibited good adsorption capacity towards polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons due to the large surface area, the strong π-π interaction force and hydrophobic forces. The flower-like MgO&C material was used as a solid-phase microextraction fiber coating for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in real river water samples. Good linearity (5-1000 ng L-1), satisfactory relatively recoveries (86.2-113.5%) and low limits of detections (0.01-0.20 ng L-1) were obtained under the optimized conditions.Species-specific isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry reference method and high-performance liquid chromatography were applied for simultaneous determination of mercury species in marine samples. Different extraction protocols for mercury species were tested and evaluated. It was found that after exposure to microwave energy the inorganic mercury (iHg) and methyl mercury (MeHg) can be completely extracted from marine biota sample by 4.5 mol L-1 HCl as well as by 3.0 mol L-1 HNO3 and further separated with HPLC. The obtained results for iHg and MeHg in the IAEA-461 certified reference material (CRM) clam Gafrarium tumidum biota sample were as follow (341 ± 21) μg kg-1 or (338 ± 15) μg kg-1 and (61.3 ± 2.2) μg kg-1 (recovery of (98.4 ± 3.6) %) or (61.1 ± 2.8) μg kg-1 (recovery of (98.1 ± 4.6) %), respectively when diluted HCl or HNO3 were applied in the extraction step. However, these protocols are not applicable to marine sediment samples, where the iHg is the predominant fovalues was 1.5% and further validated the developed in this study analytical methodology. To the best of our knowledge, this selective procedure for MeHg extraction was never used before for the simultaneous quantification of mercury species in marine sediment.Antibiotics are considered emerging pollutants which indiscriminate use has led to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, while their improper disposal has caused adverse effects to the environment and human health. Thus, the development of devices or techniques capable of detecting antibiotics with high sensitivity, low detection limits, and reasonable cost becomes of prime importance. In this work, an electronic tongue (e-tongue) based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and graphene oxide (GO) was developed and employed to detect four distinct antibiotics, namely cloxacillin benzathine, erythromycin, streptomycin sulfate, and tetracycline hydrochloride. The five sensing units of the e-tongue were obtained using the drop-casting method to modify gold interdigitated electrodes with MoS2 and GO. Using Principal Component Analysis to process the experimental data allowed the e-tongue to recognize samples contaminated with distinct antibiotics at varied concentrations from 0.5 to 5.0 nmol L-1. Analyses with real samples were also performed using river water and human urine and the electronic tongue was able to differentiate the samples at a nanomolar level. The proposed system represents a sensitive and low-cost alternative for antibiotic analyses in different liquid media.An innovative label free electrochemical aptasensor was developed for the analysis of oxaliplatin (OXAL) for the first time. The DNA oligonucleotide (aptamer) was successfully fabricated, by covalently attaching the amino terminus of the functional DNA on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) loaded with AuPd nanoparticles (AuPd NPs@rGO/MWCNTs/GCE). The stepwise assembly process of aptasensor on AuPd NPs@rGO/MWCNTs/GCE was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The aptamer-OXAL complex formation led to inhibition the electron transfer of Fe(CN)63-/4- on the electrode interface, which was clearly observed by decreasing the peak current of the redox probe. Furthermore, we managed to quantitatively measure OXAL by adding different concentrations of OXAL, while monitoring the decrease of differential pulse voltammogram (DPV) responses of the redox probe. Under the optimized conditions, the electrochemical aptasensor exhibited a linear range of 0.1-170.0 nmol L-1 with LOD of 60.0 pmol L-1. Next, we successfully applied the aptasensor calibrated system to determine OXAL in pharmaceutical injection and human biological samples.Intracellular pH is a key physiological factor for controlling the activities and functions of cells and lysosome is a vital subcellular organelle. Thus, developing a novel lysosome-targeting fluorescence probe for selective and sensitive detection of lysosomal pH in living cells is very important. In this work, we synthesized a series of fluorescence probes based on imidazole-fused benzothiadiazole. The optical properties of these probes were easily adjusted by modifying the substituents with different electron-withdrawing/donating ability in imidazole moiety. All of them showed acid-response and decreased fluorescence intensity during pH values changing from 4.0 to 8.5. The introduction of morpholine group allowed them to specifically respond to the changes of lysosomal pH. Among them, probe MIBTAA possessed a suitable pKa value (5.3) and showed good linear response to pH (R2 = 0.9918) with red emission when pH changed from 4.4 to 5.6. The probe was successfully applied for monitoring pH variation in living cells induced by proton-pump inhibitor Baf-A1 and chloroquine, indicating its great potential for pH imaging in biological applications.