We discuss these findings in terms of a dynamic theory of approach-avoidance that we hope will lead to insights of practical relevance in the field of maladaptive avoidance.

Haemodialysis (HD) transfer (HDT) is the major challenge of peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study aimed to analyse the time-dependent incidence rates and risk factors for permanent HDT in patients under Thailand’s PD First policy.

The records of 20,545 patients from January 2008 to June 2018 were studied. The time on therapy (TOT) was divided into 0-3, 3-12, 12-24, 24-36, 36-48 and more than 48 months. The time-dependent incidence rates and causes of PD dropout were investigated. The risk factors for HDT were analysed by multivariable Poisson regression model and presented as incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

The main cause of PD dropout was death (45.7%) with 17.4% of the patients transferred to HD. The median (25th to 75th interquartile range) dialysis vintage was 1.4 (0.5-2.7) years. The incidence rates of HDT increased with TOT. Patients with universal coverage were transferred to HD less frequently than those with other health schemes. Patients who were illiterate or only had primary school education had a higher risk of being transferred to HD after 48 months of TOT (IRR 1.41 (95% CI 1.07-1.89)). Peritonitis within the first year of PD was the risk for HDT during 13-48 months of PD. The reasons for HDT changed with TOT. Mechanical complications followed by peritonitis were the main causes of HDT during the first 3 months, and after that peritonitis was the main reason.

The incidence of HDT increased with TOT. The risks for HDT changed over time on PD.

The incidence of HDT increased with TOT. The risks for HDT changed over time on PD.Hyperuricemia is an abnormal purine metabolic disease that occurs when there is an excess of uric acid in the blood, associated with cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, gout, and renal disease. Dietary intervention is one of the most promising strategies for preventing hyperuricemia and controlling uric acid concentrations. Tea (Camellia sinensis) is known as one of the most common beverages and the source of dietary polyphenols. However, the effect of tea on hyperuricemia is unclear. Recent evidence shows that a lower risk of hyperuricemia is associated with tea intake. To better understand the anti-hyperuricemia effect of tea, this review first briefly describes the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia and the processing techniques of different types of tea. Next, the epidemiological and experimental studies of tea and its bioactive compounds on hyperuricemia in recent years were reviewed. Particular attention was paid to the anti-hyperuricemia mechanisms targeting the hepatic uric acid synthase, renal uric acid transporters, and intestinal microbiota. Additionally, the desirable intake of tea for preventing hyperuricemia is provided. Understanding the anti-hyperuricemia effect and mechanisms of tea can better utilize it as a preventive dietary strategy.HighlightsHigh purine diet, excessive alcohol/fructose consumption, and less exercise/sleep are the induction factors of hyperuricemia.Tea and tea compounds showed alleviated effects for hyperuricemia, especially polyphenols.Tea (containing caffeine or not) is not associated with a higher risk of hyperuricemia.Xanthine oxidase inhibition (reduce uric acid production), Nrf2 activation, and urate transporters regulation (increase uric acid excretion) are the potential molecular targets of anti-hyperuricemic effect of tea.About 5 g tea intake per day may be beneficial for hyperuricemia prevention.

The Covid 19 pandemic has led to and continues to pose challenges for healthcare systems globally, especially in intensive care units. This research was conducted to examine the self-transcendence of the leading fighters, intensive care nurses, during the Covid 19 pandemic.

The descriptive phenomenological research method was used in the study. The research was carried out between June and December 2020 with the nurses who care for Covid 19 patients in the Covid 19 intensive care service in different provinces of Turkey. The research was completed with 25 participants. A semi-structured interview form prepared based on the Theory of Self-Transcendence (vulnerability, self-transcendence, and well-being) and based on the literature was used to collect data.

Ethical requirements were respected in every phase of the research process. Results The nurses in the study were found to experience vulnerability due to „administrative loneliness,” „inability to give care,” „fear of being a source of infection,” and „loneliness of patients.”

It has been found that „improvement in nursing roles and skills,” „being proud for oneself and the team,” „understanding the value of life,” and „feeling like a superhero due to the responsibilities shouldered during the pandemic” support nurses’ self-transcendence, which contributes to physical and mental well-being.

It has been found that „improvement in nursing roles and skills,” „being proud for oneself and the team,” „understanding the value of life,” and „feeling like a superhero due to the responsibilities shouldered during the pandemic” support nurses’ self-transcendence, which contributes to physical and mental well-being.Residential mobility is increasing worldwide, and it objectively boosts economic strength. However, frequent moves create a specific habitat in which environmental degradation is aggravated. This research explored the relationship between residential mobility and pro-environmental behavior (PEB) from the perspective of environmental adaptation. We conducted five studies to test the hypothesis that high residential mobility decreased private-sphere PEBs at both personal and regional levels. The results showed that high personal residential mobility (Study 1) and high regional residential mobility (Study 2) were negatively correlated with self-reported private-sphere PEBs. Study 3 suggested that individuals primed with a high (vs. low) residential mobility mindset showed less actual private-sphere PEBs. Studies 4 and 5 further demonstrated that the preference for collective benefits played a mediating role in this relationship. These findings extend the adverse impacts of residential mobility to natural environments and highlight the role of social habitat changes in understanding environmental degradation.Introduction Mortality estimates from sepsis and septic shock ranged from 18% to 35% and 40% to 60%, respectively, prior to 2014. Sepsis patients who experience subsequent cardiovascular events have increased mortality; however, data are limited among septic shock patients. This study reports in-hospital mortality, incident cardiovascular events, and cardiovascular procedures among sepsis patients with and without subsequent septic shock. Methods Patients with a primary diagnosis of sepsis with and without a secondary diagnosis of septic shock were identified from the 2016 and 2017 National Readmissions Database. These patients were then evaluated for the occurrence of cardiovascular events and procedures. Results A total of 2,127,137 patients were included in the study, with a mean age of 66 years. Twenty percent of patients (n = 420,135) developed subsequent septic shock. In-hospital mortality among patients with a primary diagnosis of sepsis was 5.3%, and it was 31.2% for those with subsequent septic shock. Notable cardiovascular events occurring among sepsis patients with and without subsequent septic shock, respectively, included acute kidney injury (65.1% vs. 32.8%, P  less then .0001), acute systolic heart failure (9.8% vs. 5.1%, P less then .0001), NSTEMI (8.8% vs. 3.2%, P less then .0001), and ischemic stroke (2.3% vs. 0.9%, P less then .0001). Similarly, the most common cardiovascular procedures between the two groups were percutaneous coronary intervention (0.37% vs. 0.20%, P less then .0001), intra-aortic balloon pump (0.19% vs. 0.02%, P less then .0001), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (0.18% vs. 0.01%, P less then .0001). Conclusions Sepsis with subsequent septic shock is associated with an increased frequency of in-hospital cardiovascular events and procedures.Stalking is a serious public health problem, estimated to affect about 15% of women and 6% of men. Victims of stalking have been reported to be at increased risk for psychological distress, depression, lowered social and daily functioning, and other forms of victimization. The present study sought to determine whether individuals with documented histories of childhood maltreatment and those with psychiatric disorders are at increased risk for stalking victimization. Participants included maltreated children and matched controls (N = 892) from a Midwestern, metropolitan area who were followed up into adulthood. Psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and substance use disorders) were assessed at mean age 29 and borderline personality disorder at age 39. Participants reported lifetime stalking using the Lifetime Trauma and Victimization History instrument and based on a separate measure, past year intimate partner stalking victimization. Analyses controlled for sex, race, and age. Depression, PTSD, antisocial, and borderline personality disorders were associated with increased lifetime risk for stalking victimization. Childhood maltreatment, neglect, and psychiatric disorders (substance use, PTSD, antisocial personality, and borderline personality) predicted increased risk for past year stalking victimization. Findings indicated sex differences in lifetime risk of stalking victimization and race differences in past-year stalking victimization. Although the results reveal relationships among child maltreatment, psychiatric disorders, and stalking victimization, the impact of childhood maltreatment is most salient in terms of past year intimate partner stalking victimization, and particularly for individuals with histories of neglect. Future research is needed to better understand these race and sex differences in stalking victimization.

Systemic corticosteroids are vital to critical asthma management. While intravenous methylprednisolone is routinely used in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) setting, recent data supports dexamethasone as an alternative. Using the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) registry, we assessed trends and variation in corticosteroid prescribing among children hospitalized for critical asthma.

We performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study using PHIS data among children 3-17 years of age admitted for critical asthma from 2011 through 2019. Primary outcomes were corticosteroid prescribing rates by year and participating sites. Exploratory outcomes were corticosteroid-related adverse effects, rates of adjunctive pharmaceutical and respiratory interventions, mortality and length of stay.

Of the 49 children’s hospitals assessed, 26 907 encounters were included for study. Mean dexamethasone exposure rates were 18.1 ± 2.4% where 2.4 ± 1.2% represented dexamethasone-alone prescribing. Dexamethasone alone prescribing exhibited a linear trend (annual increase of 0.