This study aimed to verify the reliability and validity of a Japanese version of the S-UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. This is expected to facilitate comparisons of findings between international and Japanese samples in studies of impulsivity.

Two surveys were conducted. In the first survey, 632 participants, aged 20-44years old, completed a translated version of the Japanese S-UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, the Motor Impulsiveness Scale, a short form of the Big-Five scale, the short Grit scale, and the brief version of the self-control scale. Two weeks later, the second survey containing the S-UPPS-P and the motor impulsiveness scale were completed by 450 participants who had completed the first survey to examine test-retest reliability.

In the first survey, an exploratory factor analysis was performed on the S-UPPS-P responses. A four-factor solution was the most suitable solution, with the factors of „Lack of Perseverance,” „Lack of Premeditation,” „Sensation Seeking,” and „Negative-Positive Urgen α reliability coefficients of two scales being acceptable but rather low. Thus, comparisons of findings between international and Japanese studies on impulsivity could be facilitated.

The reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the S-UPPS-P were confirmed, despite the minor limitations of the exploratory factor analysis providing a four-factor solution instead of a five-factor solution, and the α reliability coefficients of two scales being acceptable but rather low. Thus, comparisons of findings between international and Japanese studies on impulsivity could be facilitated.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) develops after experiencing events that evoke fear, helplessness, or horror. The Hyperarousablity Hypothesis suggests that those with PTSD may drink more to dampen physiological reactivity. We examined the direct and indirect relationships between childhood trauma (e.g., physical-neglect, emotional-abuse, physical-abuse, sexual-abuse) versus an emotionally-supportive-family on PTSD, impaired control over drinking (IC), alcohol-use, and alcohol-related-problems. IC reflects consuming more alcohol than one originally intended.

We fit a multiple-group SEM to data on 835 participants. Mediational analyses were conducted by using the (K=20,000) bootstrap technique with confidence intervals.

Physical-neglect was directly linked to more IC among both genders. Emotional abuse was also found to be directly linked to more PTSD among both genders. Furthermore, PTSD was directly linked to more impaired control over alcohol use (IC) among both genders. Mediational analyses showerinking.

Twenty-seven percent of adolescents used a nicotine/tobacco product in 2018. Our study analyzed three waves from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study and examined adolescent nicotine/tobacco use trajectories over time to determine which latent classes were associated with symptoms of nicotine dependence.

The PATH Study used a four-stage, stratified area probability sample and annual household interviews with adolescents (12-17years). Adolescents who indicated past 30-day nicotine/tobacco use at least once were included (

=1101). We used latent class analysis (LCA) to identify nicotine/tobacco trajectories across three waves of PATH data and their association with six symptoms consistent with nicotine dependence from the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (WISDM-68).

All types of past 30-day nicotine/tobacco use increased across the three waves. An LCA model fit was assessed using both the CIV and entropy measures in conjunction with the Vuong-Lo-Mendell-Rubin LRT. inform tailored prevention education and messaging for different groups of youth.

Results indicate that the relationship between e-cigarette use and other forms of nicotine/tobacco and substance use is complex and that adolescent nicotine/tobacco users are a heterogenous group with different risks for nicotine dependence. Findings can inform tailored prevention education and messaging for different groups of youth.

Patients diagnosed with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) present an increased risk for experiencing severe internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Involvement in twelve-step based treatment programs, such as the Minnesota Model (MM), can contribute to improvement of an individual’s psychopathological symptom profile. The present study’s main objective was to examine profiles and change trajectories of psychopathological symptoms of AUD subgroups during an eight-week long period of MM treatment attendance.

Inpatients with AUD (N=303) who attended MM treatment programs participated in the present study. Latent Class Growth Analysis (LCGA) was used to evaluate the psychopathological symptom change trajectories assessed by using the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Multiple comparisons and multinomial logistic regression were performed to validate the subgroups.

Three subgroups were identified low severity (48.5%), moderate severity (35.2%), and high severity (16.2%) symptomatic subgroups. The moderate severity class demonstrated the largest effect in terms of symptoms decrease. Higher severity classes showed significantly higher rates of harmful alcohol drinking and drinking motives.

The present study identified three severity-based subgroups which indicate that psychopathology sits on a spectrum of severity among AUD patients. The findings highlight the associations between AUD and internalizing symptoms, negative reinforcement drinking motives, and the symptomatic improvement that can occur among those participating in MM treatment programs.

The present study identified three severity-based subgroups which indicate that psychopathology sits on a spectrum of severity among AUD patients. The findings highlight the associations between AUD and internalizing symptoms, negative reinforcement drinking motives, and the symptomatic improvement that can occur among those participating in MM treatment programs.Cigarette smoking remains the largest cause of preventable death in the United States and worldwide. In South Korea and other Asian countries, a large proportion of males smoke, increasing the need to examine cigarette smoking in these populations. Research suggests that the association between positive affect and negative affect, and between affect and craving, may differ across cultures, and that it is useful to examine these associations using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA). South Korean smokers (N = 20, Mean Age = 21.15, 25% female) completed baseline questionnaires and downloaded an EMA app which prompted 4 random assessments (RAs) each day for 1-week. At each assessment, participants responded to items assessing momentary negative affect (NA) and positive affect (PA), craving, and number of cigarettes smoked since the previous EMA assessment. Linear mixed models (LMMs) were used to analyze EMA data (544 assessments), separating out between- and within- subject associations. There was a significant positive association between positive affect and negative affect at the between-subjects level. Both positive affect and negative affect were significantly positively associated with craving at between-subjects and within-subject levels. Craving was associated with subsequent smoking behavior at the within-subjects level. Overall, results suggest that associations between positive affect and negative affect may be different in South Korean smokers than in Western smokers, and that there are robust associations between both negative and positive affect and craving.

This study replicates two US intervention studies using personalized normative feedback (PNF) on alcohol-related risky sexual behavior (RSB).

In a randomized controlled trial, 654 Swedish university students were assigned to an alcohol only intervention, an alcohol-related RSB only intervention, a combined alcohol and alcohol-related RSB intervention, an integrated alcohol and alcohol-related RSB intervention, or control. Follow-up assessments were made at 3 and 6months post-intervention.

In comparison to controls, drinks per week were reduced at 3months in the Alcohol Only, Combined, and Integrated intervention groups. Frequency and quantity of drinking before sex were reduced at 3- and 6-month follow-up for the Sex Only, Combined, and Integrated intervention groups. The Alcohol Only intervention showed significant results on frequency of drinking before sex at 3months, and on quantity of drinking before sex at 6months. The Combined intervention had reduced outcomes on alcohol-related consequences and on alcohol-related sexual consequences at both follow-ups. Alcohol Only and Integrated interventions showed effects on both outcomes regarding consequences at 6months, and the Sex Only group showed effects on sexual consequences at 6months.

It is concluded that PNF interventions offer considerable positive effects, and could be used to reduce alcohol-related RSB in Swedish university students.

It is concluded that PNF interventions offer considerable positive effects, and could be used to reduce alcohol-related RSB in Swedish university students.

This study examined vape shop customers’ behaviors in relation to shop display practices. We hypothesized that display of signs conveying supportive attitude toward vaping at vape shops would be positively associated with customer purchasing and in-shop vaping behaviors.

We recruited vape shops throughout Southern California (N = 122). Trained teams of data collectors visited each of the consented vape shops, observed customers’ characteristics and behaviors (N = 254) and coded items in the shops that were visible and on display. We conducted a multivariate multilevel analysis to account for the data structure where customers were nested within vape shops.

Male customers were more likely to purchase e-liquid at the shop than female customers (p < .001). There were no sex differences vaping at the shop (p = .353). We observed more customers vaping at shops with e-cigarette safety displays (p = .024) and more customers purchasing e-liquid at shops with quit smoking signage (p = .004). Point-of-sale displays were not associated with either customer vaping or purchasing behaviors observed at the shop. Displays of state-regulated and nonregulated (i.e., tobacco industry) age-of-sale compliance signs, Ask4ID and WeCard, were not significantly associated with customer vaping or purchase behaviors.

Certain display signs present at vape shops might communicate to customers that engaging in certain behaviors (e.g., vaping inside the shops) may be safe or acceptable.

Certain display signs present at vape shops might communicate to customers that engaging in certain behaviors (e.g., vaping inside the shops) may be safe or acceptable.

The objective of this study was to examine the association between participation in school sports and substance use behaviors in both male and female high school students.

The current study used cross-sectional data from 60,601 students from Year 6 (2017-2018) of the COMPASS study. Students reported their school physical activity participation (none, intramurals only, varsity only, both) and past 30-day substance use (binge drinking, cannabis use, cigarette use, e-cigarette use). Hierarchical logistic regression models predicted the odds of substance use, by sex.

55% of students did not participate in any school sports and 32% reported substance use. Intramurals were negatively associated with cannabis use and cigarette use among all students and e-cigarette use among females. Varsity sports were associated with lower odds of cigarette use among all students and cannabis use among males. In contrast, participating in varsity sports was associated with increased odds of binge drinking and e-cigarette use among all students.