A total of 27 VOCs belonging to different chemical classes (9 ketones, 5 alcohols, 4 organic acids, 3 hydrocarbons, 2 furans, 1 ester, 1 lactone, 1 aldehyde, and 1 oxime) have been identified by HS-SPME GC-MS, while PTR-ToF-MS allowed a rapid snapshot of volatile diversity confirming the aptitude to rapid noninvasive quality control and the potential in commercial sample differentiation. Ketones (2-heptanone and 2-pentanone, in particular) are the most abundant compounds in mascarpone headspace, followed by 2-propanone, 2-nonanone, 2-butanone, 1-pentanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, furfural and 2-furanmethanol. The study also provides preliminary information on the differentiation of the aroma of different brands and product types.This study explored factors affecting parents’ intentions to use physical violence (PV) to discipline their children in the future. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) guided selection of variables. A sample of 1337 preschool children’s parents from nine kindergartens located in a county of Henan Province, China were selected by stratified random cluster sampling. Data on parents’ attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control over PV, intentions to engage in PV to discipline their preschool children in the future, self-reported PV behavior toward their children during the past three months, and demographic characteristics were collected via a paper-based questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analyses examined putative predictors of parents’ intentions to use physically violent discipline. Nearly three-quarters of the sample said they definitely will not use violent discipline, while 23.4% either said they would use it, or did not rule it out. Logistic regression analysis showed that parents’ lower level of perceived behavioral control over using violence (OR 4.17; 95% CI 2.659, 6.551), attitudes that support PV (OR 2.23; 95% CI 1.555, 3.203), and having been physically violent with their children during the past three months (OR 1.62; 95% CI 1.032, 2.556) were significantly associated with parents’ tendency either to include, or not exclude, the use of violent discipline. Parents’ subjective norms regarding PV had no significant impact on their intentions (p > 0.05). The influence of TPB constructs varied according to parents’ gender. Intervention programs that aim to reduce violent discipline should focus both on increasing parents’ perceived behavioral control over PV and changing their attitudes toward physically violent practices, especially among mothers and parents who have already used PV to discipline their children.It is becoming increasingly important to understand the mechanism of regulatory elements on target genes in long-range genomic distance. 3C (chromosome conformation capture) and its derived methods are now widely applied to investigate three-dimensional (3D) genome organizations and gene regulation. Digestion-ligation-only Hi-C (DLO Hi-C) is a new technology with high efficiency and cost-effectiveness for whole-genome chromosome conformation capture. Here, we introduce the DLO Hi-C tool, a flexible and versatile pipeline for processing DLO Hi-C data from raw sequencing reads to normalized contact maps and for providing quality controls for different steps. It includes more efficient iterative mapping and linker filtering. We applied the DLO Hi-C tool to different DLO Hi-C datasets and demonstrated its ability in processing large data with multithreading. The DLO Hi-C tool is suitable for processing DLO Hi-C and in situ DLO Hi-C datasets. It is convenient and efficient for DLO Hi-C data processing.In the early 20th century, a series of epidemics across equatorial Africa brought African sleeping sickness (human African trypanosomiasis, HAT) to the attention of the European colonial administrations. This disease presented an exciting challenge for microbiologists across Europe to study the disease, discover the pathogen and search for an effective treatment. In 1923, the first „remedy for tropical diseases”-Suramin-manufactured by Bayer AG came onto the market under the brand name „Germanin.” The development and life cycle of this product-which today is still the medicine of choice for Trypanosoma brucei (T.b), hodesiense infections-reflect medical progress as well as the successes and failures in fighting the disease in the context of historic political changes over the last 100 years.The main cause of death related to cancer worldwide is from hepatic cancer. Detection of hepatic cancer early using computed tomography (CT) could prevent millions of patients’ death every year. However, reading hundreds or even tens of those CT scans is an enormous burden for radiologists. Therefore, there is an immediate need is to read, detect, and evaluate CT scans automatically, quickly, and accurately. However, liver segmentation and extraction from the CT scans is a bottleneck for any system, and is still a challenging problem. In this work, a deep learning-based technique that was proposed for semantic pixel-wise classification of road scenes is adopted and modified to fit liver CT segmentation and classification. The architecture of the deep convolutional encoder-decoder is named SegNet, and consists of a hierarchical correspondence of encode-decoder layers. The proposed architecture was tested on a standard dataset for liver CT scans and achieved tumor accuracy of up to 99.9% in the training phase.With increasing real-time constraints being put on the use of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) by real-time scenarios, there is the need to review information representation. A very challenging path is to employ an encoding that allows a fast processing and hardware-friendly representation of information. Among the proposed alternatives to the IEEE 754 standard regarding floating point representation of real numbers, the recently introduced Posit format has been theoretically proven to be really promising in satisfying the mentioned requirements. However, with the absence of proper hardware support for this novel type, this evaluation can be conducted only through a software emulation. While waiting for the widespread availability of the Posit Processing Units (the equivalent of the Floating Point Unit (FPU)), we can already exploit the Posit representation and the currently available Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU) to speed up DNNs by manipulating the low-level bit string representations of Posits. As a first step, i interesting alternative to 32-bit floats since their performances are a bit lower but their high speed and low storage properties are very appealing (leading to a lower bandwidth demand and more cache-friendly code). Finally, we point out how small Posits (i.e., up to 14 bits long) are very interesting while PPUs become widespread, since Posit operations can be tabulated in a very efficient way (see details in the text).A prototype of a nitro compound vapor and trace detector, which uses the pyrolysis method and a capacitive gas sensor based on the metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structure type Pd-SiO2-Si, was developed and manufactured. It was experimentally established that the detection limit of trinitrotoluene trace for the detector prototype is 1 × 10-9 g, which corresponds to concentration from 10-11 g/cm3 to 10-12 g/cm3. The prototype had a response time of no more than 30 s. The possibility of further improving the characteristics of the prototype detector by reducing the overall dimensions and increasing the sensitivity of the MIS sensors is shown.Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) is considered the cheapest natural fiber with good properties and exists abundantly in Malaysia. It has great potential as an alternative main raw material to substitute woody plants. On the other hand, the well-known polymeric hydrogel has gathered a lot of interest due to its three-dimensional (3D) cross-linked network with high porosity. However, some issues regarding its performance like poor interfacial connectivity and mechanical strength have been raised, hence nanocellulose has been introduced. In this review, the plantation of oil palm in Malaysia is discussed to show the potential of OPEFB as a nanocellulose material in hydrogel production. Nanocellulose can be categorized into three nano-structured celluloses, which differ in the processing method. The most popular nanocellulose hydrogel processing methods are included in this review. The 3D printing method is taking the lead in current hydrogel production due to its high complexity and the need for hygiene products. Some of the latest advanced applications are discussed to show the high commercialization potential of nanocellulose hydrogel products. The authors also considered the challenges and future direction of nanocellulose hydrogel. OPEFB has met the requirements of the marketplace and product value chains as nanocellulose raw materials in hydrogel applications.Seeds characteristics such as germination ability, dormancy, and storability/longevity are important traits in agriculture, and various genes have been identified that are involved in its regulation at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. A particularity of mature dry seeds is a special mechanism that allows them to accumulate more than 10,000 mRNAs during seed maturation and use them as templates to synthesize proteins during germination. Some of these stored mRNAs are also referred to as long-lived mRNAs because they remain translatable even after seeds have been exposed to long-term stressful conditions. Mature seeds can germinate even in the presence of transcriptional inhibitors, and this ability is acquired in mid-seed development. The type of mRNA that accumulates in seeds is affected by the plant hormone abscisic acid and environmental factors, and most of them accumulate in seeds in the form of monosomes. Release of seed dormancy during after-ripening involves the selective oxidation of stored mRNAs and this prevents translation of proteins that function in the suppression of germination after imbibition. Non-selective oxidation and degradation of stored mRNAs occurs during long-term storage of seeds so that the quality of stored RNAs is linked to the degree of seed deterioration. After seed imbibition, a population of stored mRNAs are selectively loaded into polysomes and the mRNAs, involved in processes such as redox, glycolysis, and protein synthesis, are actively translated for germination.Child obesity is understudied in Asian Americans, which include a growing population of recent immigrants. We examined the relationship between maternal nativity and time in the US, and obesity and obesogenic behaviors among Asian American children. We analyzed public-use data from the 2013-2016 California Health Interview Survey for Asian American children ages 2 to 11 years. We used logistic regression to determine the odds of obesity and obesogenic behaviors associated with maternal nativity and time in the US. This study included n = 609 children. Children of US-born mothers had lower odds of obesity (adjusted odds ratio, AOR, 0.12; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.91) and lower fruit intake (AOR 0.15, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.81) than children of recent immigrants ( less then 5 years in the US). Asian American children with recent immigrant mothers are more likely to be obese and eat less fruit than children with US-born mothers. Efforts to prevent obesity and increase fruit consumption are particularly important for this vulnerable population of children of recent immigrants.