Nile perch wastewater was biodegraded using two Bacillus species to recover bioactive substances to enhance its reutilization value. The two Bacillus species successfully produced low-molecular-weight substances with a 47.8% degree of hydrolysis. The antioxidant activities of the Nile perch wastewater increased as the biodegradation proceeded, and the culture supernatant exhibited the highest DPPH (80.1%), ABTS (93.1%) and Fe2+ chelating (88.5%) antioxidant activities at 60 h. The antioxidant potential of the biodegraded Nile perch wastewater was found to be higher than those of other fish hydrolysates. Moreover, the biodegraded Nile perch wastewater exhibited effective antimicrobial activity against Vibrio vulnificus, exhibiting a minimal inhibitory concentration of 585 μg mL-1. Two-dimensional thin layer chromatography analysis revealed the specific amino acids responsible for the antioxidant activity, and molecular-weight cut-off ultrafiltration revealed that the less then 2-kDa fraction exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with the lowest IC50 values (0.43 and 0.22 mg mL-1 for DPPH and ABTS antioxidant activities, respectively). This is the first report of the reutilization of Nile perch wastewater as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial ingredient for nutraceuticals. The role of illumination and cathode is important to improve the efficiency of photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) system. In this study, cathodes with black carbon-poly tetra fluoro ethylene (BC-PTFE) for increase the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in PEF. A new PEF system using EIEL and BC-PTFE air-diffusion cathode was established. The electrode performance was tested and the influence factors, degradation kinetics, intermediates, pathway and mechanism of the model compound methyl orange (MO) were studied. The capacities of concentration decays and total organic carbon (TOC) removals were compared between different electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. The experimental conditions were optimized for a current density of 20 mA cm-2 with 0.5 mM Fe2+ and 100 mg L-1 MO at 20 °C and pH 3.0 in an 8 L reservoir. The higher MO concentration was, the smaller pseudo-first-order kinetic constants of concentration decays and TOC removals were. Intermediate products were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and ion-exclusion high performance liquid chromatograph in EIEL-PEF. Combined with frontier electron density, the degradation pathway was deduced as follows destruction of azo bond, substitution of •OH, dehydrogenation and oxidation, opening-ring and mineralization. In EIEL-PEF, the concentration of oxalic acid and oxamic acid reached the maximum value 9.2 and 1.5 mg L-1 at 60 and 90 min, respectively. The photolysis of N-intermediates produced NH4+-N was released in more proportion than NO3–N and oxamic acid-N. The study indicated that PEF system has the potential to remove organic pollutants in aquatic environments. Catalyzed H2O2 propagations (CHP) have demonstrated great potential in the remediation of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) like trichloroethene (TCE) contaminated groundwater. However, the importation of highly unstable H2O2 into subsurface environment remains challenging. In this work, the in-situ H2O2 generation reaction between glucose oxidase (GOD) and glucose was applied in combination with Fe(II) to form the modified Fenton system (GMFs) and its performance in TCE oxidative degradation was investigated. The influence of reactant concentration as well as environmental factors like temperature and pH on the kinetics of TCE oxidation in GMFs were studied. At optimized conditions, about 78% TCE were removed within 8 h in GMFs, which remained effective over the temperature range of 15-30 °C and pH range of 3.6-6.0 (in acetate buffer). The in-situ H2O2 and OH generation capacity of GMFs were further investigated to elucidate their functional mechanism on TCE oxidation. Intermediate and product analysis indicated the near-complete release of chloride ion by TCE oxidation with few organic chlorinated intermediates detected. This work reveals the potential of GMFs for CAHs contaminated groundwater remediation through in-situ generation of reactive oxygen species. This research evaluated the effect of changing feed composition on the performances of a conventional activated sludge (CAS) and an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor operated simultaneously. Both reactors were initially fed with 100% synthetic feed. In a stepwise manner, the feed composition was slowly changed to real primary effluent collected from a local wastewater treatment plant. After an initial stabilization period, both reactors could achieve more than 90% NH4+-N removal. However, PO43–P removal eventually reached to a maximum of 92% in the AGS and 88% in the CAS. COD removal in both reactors was least affected, with the lowest percent removal of 81 ± 3% achieved in AGS and 62 ± 4% in CAS respectively when fed with 100% real wastewater. Despite granule breakage the AGS reactor was able to remove the pollutants (COD, N, P). The abundance of Candidatus Accumulibacter, a polyphosphate accumulating organism, in the AGS system increased over the operational phases II (6.2%), III (10.32%), and IV (11.9%). While in CAS, it increased from phase I to phase II (12.6%), but decreased in phase III to 9.9%. Genus-based classification revealed a successive increase in the relative abundance of Nitrospira to 11.05% during Phase III and 10.3% during Phase IV in the AGS. In contrast with its presence in the CAS, which was, 3.4% during Phase III and 9.5% during Phase IV. A lab-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) was employed to carry out the partial nitritation/Anammox (PN/A) process from conventional activated sludge. Seed sludge was cultivated under microaerobic conditions for 10 days before seeding into the MBR. The bacterial community was analyzed on the basis of cloning and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. Relative slow ammonia oxidation rates (3.2-13.0 mgN/L/d) were established in the microaerobic cultivation period. In the continuous MBR operation, the nitritation was achieved in the first 16 days and the reactor produced a balanced ratio between ammonia and nitrite which favored the proliferation of Anammox bacteria. Efficient transition from PN to PN/A was achieved in two months which was supported by appearance of reddish spots on the reactor inner wall and the concurrent consumption of ammonium and nitrite. The PN/A performed a robust and high-rate nitrogen removal capability and achieved a peak nitrogen removal of 1.81 kg N/m3/d. 16S rRNA gene-based analysis indicated that „Nitrosomonas sp.” and „Candidatus Jettenia sp.” accounted for ammonia oxidation and nitrogen depletion, respectively. Denitratisoma facilitated denitrification in the reactor. The present study suggested that a pre-cultivation of seed sludge under microaerobic conditions assists fast realization of PN and further convoyed efficient transition from PN to PN/A. Knowledge gleaned from this study is of significance to initiation, operation, and control of MBR-PN/As. High-throughput screening (HTS) using new approach methods is revolutionizing toxicology. Asexual freshwater planarians are a promising invertebrate model for neurotoxicity HTS because their diverse behaviors can be used as quantitative readouts of neuronal function. Currently, three planarian species are commonly used in toxicology research Dugesia japonica, Schmidtea mediterranea, and Girardia tigrina. However, only D. japonica has been demonstrated to be suitable for HTS. Here, we assess the two other species for HTS suitability by direct comparison with D. japonica. Through quantitative assessments of morphology and multiple behaviors, we assayed the effects of 4 common solvents (DMSO, ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate) and a negative control (sorbitol) on neurodevelopment. Each chemical was screened blind at 5 concentrations at two time points over a twelve-day period. We obtained two main results First, G. tigrina and S. mediterranea planarians showed significantly reduced movement compared to D. japonica under HTS conditions, due to decreased health over time and lack of movement under red lighting, respectively. This made it difficult to obtain meaningful readouts from these species. Second, we observed species differences in sensitivity to the solvents, suggesting that care must be taken when extrapolating chemical effects across planarian species. Overall, our data show that D. japonica is best suited for behavioral HTS given the limitations of the other species. Standardizing which planarian species is used in neurotoxicity screening will facilitate data comparisons across research groups and accelerate the application of this promising invertebrate system for first-tier chemical HTS, helping streamline toxicology testing. BACKGROUND AND AIMS Long-term data relating coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) to coronary artery disease (CAD) prognosis including novel CTA-biomarkers („high-risk plaque criteria”) is scarce. The aim of this study was to define predictors of long-term outcomes. METHODS 1430 low-to-intermediate risk patients (57.9 ± 11.1 years; 44.4% females) who underwent CTA and coronary calcium scoring (CCS) were prospectively enrolled. CTAs were evaluated for (1) stenosis severity CADRADS 0-4 (minimal 100 AU predicted only all-cause mortality (p = 0.045) but not MACE. The high risk plaque criteria LAP less then 60HU (HR 4.00, 95%CI 95% 1.52-10.52, p = 0.005) and napkin-ring (HR 4.11, CI 95% 1.77-9.52, p = 0.001) predicted MACE but not all-cause-mortality, after adjusting for risk factors, while spotty calcification and remodeling index did not. Similarly, mixed plaque burden predicted MACE (p  less then  0.0001). HRP criteria, if added to CADRADS + CCS for prediction of MACE, were superior to CCS (c = 0.816 vs 0.716, p  less then 0.001). In 33.5% of CCS zero patients, non-calcified fibroatheroma were found. CONCLUSIONS Long-term prognosis is excellent if CTA is negative for CAD. The high-risk plaque criteria LAP less then 60HU and napkin-ring-sign were independent predictors of MACE while HRP criteria added incremental prognostic value. BACKGROUND Radiation therapy (RT) to the brain may result in cognitive impairment. The primary objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between RT dose to the hippocampus and learning and memory functions. Secondary objective was to examine relationships between doses to other brain structures and specific cognitive functions. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was undertaken in 78 primary brain tumour patients after RT. Cognitive function was assessed by neuropsychological tests. Test scores were standardized using normative data adjusted for age and level of education. Test-specific cognitive impairment was determined as a z-score ≤-1.5. Radiation dose to brain structures and test-specific cognitive impairment outcomes were fitted to a logistic regression model. RESULTS High RT dose to the left hippocampus was associated with impaired verbal learning and memory (p = 0.04). RT dose to the left hippocampus, left temporal lobe, left frontal lobe and total frontal lobe were associated with verbal fluency impairment (p  less then  0.