There is limited knowledge on the social and economic impacts of a diagnosis of cervical cancer on women and children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

To determine the social and economic impacts associated with cervical cancer among women and children living in LMICs.

The MEDLINE, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Pais International, and CAB Global Health databases were systematically searched to retrieve studies up to June 2021.

Studies were included if they reported on either the social or economic impacts of women or children in a LMIC.

Data was independently extracted by two co-authors. The authors performed a quality assessment on all included articles.

In all, 53 studies were included in the final review. Social impacts identified included social support, education, and independence. Economic impacts included employment and financial security. No study reported the economic impact on children. Studies that utilized quantitative methods typically reported more positive results than those that utilized qualitative methods.

Additional mixed-methods research is needed to further understand the social support needs of women with cervical cancer. Furthermore, research is needed on the impact of a mother’s diagnosis of cervical cancer on her children.

Additional mixed-methods research is needed to further understand the social support needs of women with cervical cancer. Furthermore, research is needed on the impact of a mother’s diagnosis of cervical cancer on her children.

To evaluate the impact of asymptomatic cervical shortening (ACS) at mid-trimester on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

This was a retrospective cohort study. Women with singleton gestations and an accidental finding of cervical length of 25 mm or less at mid-trimester were compared with women with symptomatic cervical shortening (SCS) and women with normal cervical length (NCL). Primary outcome was preterm birth (PTB) rate; secondary outcomes included total hospitalization length, betamethasone treatment rate, and a composite of PTB neonatal outcomes.

In all, 1483 women were diagnosed with ACS. There was no difference in early and late PTB rate between the ACS and NCL groups (4.9% versus 3.8%, P= 0.25), though there was a significantly higher rate of antenatal corticosteroids use in the ACS group (78.2% versus 7.4%, P< 0.001). A CL of 15 mm or less was significantly associated with both early and late PTB, compared with the NCL group (47.2% versus 3.6%, P< 0.001, and 35.8% versus 3.8%, P< 0.001).

An ACS of 15-25 mm is not associated with an increased risk of PTB. In contrast, women with a CL of 15 mm or less are more likely to delivery prematurely compared with women with a CL greater than 15 mm.

An ACS of 15-25 mm is not associated with an increased risk of PTB. In contrast, women with a CL of 15 mm or less are more likely to delivery prematurely compared with women with a CL greater than 15 mm.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to low serum concentrations of vitamin D metabolites. Thus, hypovitaminosis D associated with CKD might contribute to disease progression via increased concentration of renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) mediators.

To evaluate whether supplementation with calcifediol affects equilibrium concentrations of selected mediators of the RAAS. We hypothesized that vitamin D supplementation will decrease concentration of circulating RAAS mediators in dogs with CKD.

Six client-owned adult dogs with IRIS Stage 2 and 3 CKD.

Prospective study. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]

D), 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25[OH]

D), RAAS mediators (angiotensin I/II/III/IV/1-5/1-7, and aldosterone), and surrogate angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity (calculated by the ratio of angiotensin II to angiotensin I) were evaluated at baseline, after 3 months of calcifediol supplementation, and 2 months after discontinuing administration of supplement.

All serum vitamin D metabolite concentrations increased significantly by month 3 (P< .001) 25(OH)D (median 250 ng/mL; range, 204-310), compared to baseline (median 43.2 ng/mL; range, 33.8-58.3 ng/mL); 1,25(OH)

D (median 66.1 pg/mL; range, 57.3-88.1 pg/mL) compared to baseline (median 35.2 pg/mL; range, 29.3-56.7 pg/mL); 24,25(OH)

D (median 68.4 ng/mL; range, 22.1-142.0 ng/mL) compared to baseline (median 14.4 ng/mL; range, 9.0-21.3 ng/mL). Calculated ACE activity was significantly lower at month 3 (median 0.5; range, 0.4-1.0) compared to baseline (median 0.7; range, 0.6-1.3; P= .01). There were no significant differences in any of the evaluated RAAS variables at any other time-point.

Short-term calcifediol supplementation in this small group of CKD dogs appeared to decrease ACE activity.

Short-term calcifediol supplementation in this small group of CKD dogs appeared to decrease ACE activity.

We aim to analyse the safety and feasibility of the DaVinci Single Port (SP) platform in general surgery.

A prospective series of robotic SP transabdominal pre-peritoneal inguinal hernia repairs (SP-TAPP) and cholecystectomies (SP-C) (off-label) were analysed. Primary endpoints were safety and feasibility defined by the need for conversion and incidence of perioperative complications.

A total of 225 SP procedures were performed; 84 (37.3%) SP-TAPP (70 unilateral, 7 bilateral), and 141 (62.7%) SP-C. There were no conversions or additional ports placed. Mean console time was 17.6, 31.9, and 54min for SP-C, unilateral, and bilateral SP-TAPP, respectively. There was no mortality, intraoperative or major postoperative complications. Mean LOS was 2.7h for elective SP-TAPP and 2.3h for SP-C.

Robotic SP surgery is safe and feasible for two of the most performed general surgery operations. Further experience might allow expanding the applications of robotic single-incision surgery for other procedures.

Robotic SP surgery is safe and feasible for two of the most performed general surgery operations. Further experience might allow expanding the applications of robotic single-incision surgery for other procedures.Different animal models have been used for hair research and regeneration studies based on the similarities between animal and human skins. Primary knowledge on hair follicle (HF) biology has arisen from research using mouse models baring spontaneous or genetically engineered mutations. These studies have been crucial for the discovery of genes underlying human hair cycle control and hair loss disorders. Yet, researchers have become increasingly aware that there are distinct architectural and cellular features between the mouse and human HFs, which might limit the translation of findings in the mouse models. Thus, it is enticing to reason that the spotlight on mouse models and the unwillingness to adapt to the human archetype have been hampering the emergence of the long-awaited human hair loss cure. Here, we provide an overview of the major limitations of the mainstream mouse models for human hair loss research, and we underpin a future course of action using human cell bioengineered models and the emergent artificial intelligence.

Opioids are widely used for perioperative pain control in dogs undergoing spinal surgery, but alternatives may be required because data suggest that opioids exacerbate inflammation in the injured spinal cord and veterinary access to opioids may become more restricted in the future.

To compare recovery of ambulation and other functions between spinal cord-injured dogs receiving peri-operative fentanyl and those receiving a ketamine-dexmedetomidine combination.

A total of 102 client-owned dogs undergoing decompressive surgery for thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation.

Randomized clinical trial. Dogs were randomized 11 to fentanyl or a ketamine-dexmedetomidine combination for intra and postoperative analgesia. Primary outcome was time to recovery of ambulation; secondary outcomes were the postoperative Colorado Acute Pain Scale, the short-form Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale, time to recovery of voluntary urination and time to unassisted eating.

No difference was found in time to recovery onor benefits associated with ketamine-dexmedetomidine. The ketamine-dexmedetomidine combination appears to be a reasonable alternative to peri-operative opioids.

Accountability within distributed leadership (DL) is critical for DL to drive positive outcomes in health services organizations. Despite this, how accountability emerges in DL is less clear. This study aims to understand how accountability emerges in DL so that distributed leaders can drive improvements in healthcare access – an increasingly important outcome in today’s health services environment.

The authors use an instrumental case study of a dental institution in the USA, „Environ,” as it underwent a strategic change to improve healthcare access to rural populations. The authors focused on DL occurring within the strategic change and collected interview, observation and archival data.

The findings demonstrate accountability in DL emerged as shared accountability and has three elements personal ownership, agentic actions and a shared belief system. Each of these was necessary for DL to advance the strategic change for improved healthcare access.

Top managers should be cognizant of the emergence processes driven by DL. This includes enabling pockets of employees to connect, align and link up so that ideas, processes and practices can emerge and allow for shared accountability in DL.

The overarching contribution of this research is identifying shared accountability in DL and its three elements personal ownership, agentic actions and a shared belief system. These elements serve as a platform to demonstrate „how DL works” in a healthcare organization.

The overarching contribution of this research is identifying shared accountability in DL and its three elements personal ownership, agentic actions and a shared belief system. These elements serve as a platform to demonstrate „how DL works” in a healthcare organization.Although mesophyll conductance (gm ) is known to be sensitive to temperature (T), the mechanisms underlying the temperature response of gm are not fully understood. In particular, it has yet to be established whether interspecific variation in gm -T relationships is associated with mesophyll anatomy and vein traits. In the present study, we measured the short-term response of gm in eight crop species, and leaf water potential (Ψleaf ) in five crop species over a temperature range of 15-35°C. The considered structural parameters are surface areas of mesophyll cells and chloroplasts facing intercellular airspaces per unit leaf area (Sm and Sc ), cell wall thickness (Tcw ), and vein length per area (VLA). We detected large interspecific variations in the temperature responses of gm and Ψleaf . The activation energy for gm (Ea,gm ) was found to be positively correlated with Sc , although it showed no correlation with Tcw . In contrast, VLA was positively correlated with the slope of the linear model of Ψleaf -T (a), whereas Ea,gm was marginally correlated with VLA and a. A two-component model was subsequently used to model gm -T relationships, and the mechanisms underlying the temperature response of gm are discussed. The data presented here indicate that leaf anatomy is a major determinant of the interspecific variation in gm -T relationships.